2026-10-09T21:35:39Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34072324 2026-10-05T17:34:53Z category_24 category_106 category_122 portal_5 item_type_3 month_year_10_2026

<p>Site interaction tests for the seven paths.</p> Duanduan Liu (9525961) Fan Xu (161740) Taesun Kim (21449642) Evolutionary Biology Science Policy Mental Health xlink "> evaluating users perceive place multicultural commercial streets daerim central market also requires understanding 142 participants evaluated strongest association observed variable path model integrating cultural representation specific path models ae ), symbolism sy &# 8594 co showed evidence tr &# 8594 &# 8594 guided observed effects models cultural symbolism &# 8212 sy ), ), aesthetic visual quality three sites study examined social recognition physical environment pearson correlations online visibility measures anova linear mixed incheon chinatown findings indicate findings highlight directly associated digital communication <div><p>Evaluating the design of multicultural commercial streets extends beyond assessing cultural symbols; it also requires understanding how users perceive place through the physical environment, cultural symbolism, and digital communication. This study examined the Ansan Multicultural Special Zone, Daerim Central Market in Seoul, and Incheon Chinatown. A theory-guided observed-variable path model was developed using five perceived design factors: Convenience (CO), Social Recognition and Sharing (SO), Aesthetic (AE), Symbolism (SY), and Trendiness (TR). All 142 participants evaluated all three sites. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, repeated-measures ANOVA, site-specific path models, and linear mixed-effects models. Incheon Chinatown received higher ratings on most factors. Five paths—AE → SY, AE → TR, AE → CO, SY → TR, and TR→SO—were significant at all three sites, with no significant cross-site differences. The SY→SO path was not significant in Ansan, suggesting that cultural symbolism was not directly associated with ratings of Social Recognition and Sharing at this policy-designated site. SO→CO showed evidence of cross-site variation, with the strongest association observed at Daerim Central Market in Seoul. These findings indicate that evaluations of multicultural commercial streets reflect both differences in mean ratings and structural associations among visual quality, cultural symbolism, online visibility, social recognition and sharing, and functional convenience. These findings highlight the value of integrating cultural representation with visual quality, online visibility, social recognition and sharing, and ease of use in regeneration strategies.</p></div> 2026-10-05T17:34:35Z Dataset Dataset 10.1371/journal.pone.0358048.t008 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_p_Site_interaction_tests_for_the_seven_paths_p_/34072324 CC BY 4.0