2026-10-07T00:26:50Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34057313 2026-10-02T16:11:53Z category_1 category_146 category_915 category_7 category_24 category_272 category_734 portal_63 item_type_2 month_year_10_2026

Multibubble Detachment Characteristics of Regularly Distributed Nucleation Sites during Water Splitting Bo Zhang (6559) Yechun Wang (2132752) Baishuo Li (25302899) SiRui Wang (25302902) Yuyang Feng (7914575) Canghao Zhen (25302905) Ruiwen Du (25302908) Jiaxin Zhao (4067476) Qiuyang Zhao (8148630) Liejin Guo (1428154) Biophysics Space Science Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified Medicine Evolutionary Biology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified stronger hydrodynamic interactions site spacing increases relatively independent behavior providing guiding principles particle image velocimetry nucleation site spacing multiple bubbles nucleated interactions markedly alter hydrodynamic interactions generated gas evolution performance attracted considerable attention associated transport behavior array microstructured electrodes promote bubble detachment bubble detachment radius bubble detachment behavior multibubble detachment characteristics detachment characteristics previous bubble dominated detachment detachment process water electrolysis systematically investigated results demonstrate regularly distributed rational design overall efficiency fundamental relationship findings elucidate electrode surfaces electrochemical measurements dimensionless ratio critical role clear understanding arrayed microelectrodes anodic current Bubble detachment from electrode surfaces is crucial for enhancing the overall efficiency of water electrolysis. Arrayed microelectrodes have attracted considerable attention because of their superior gas evolution performance. However, without a clear understanding of bubble detachment behavior, existing electrode architecture optimizations are forced to proceed via empirical approaches. In this work, the detachment characteristics of multiple bubbles nucleated at regularly distributed on a photoelectrochemical water splitting electrode surface were systematically investigated by varying the nucleation site spacing and anodic current. By combining high speed imaging, electrochemical measurements, and particle image velocimetry, the critical role of bubble–bubble interactions during the detachment process was revealed. The results demonstrate that, in addition to buoyancy, both coalescence and hydrodynamic interactions generated by adjacent or the previous bubble can promote bubble detachment. As the dimensionless ratio of single bubble detachment radius to site spacing increases, bubble evolution progressively shifts from relatively independent behavior to stronger hydrodynamic interactions and ultimately to coalescence-dominated detachment. These interactions markedly alter the bubble detachment radius and the associated transport behavior. These findings elucidate the fundamental relationship between nucleation site spacing and gas evolution performance, providing guiding principles for the rational design and optimization of array microstructured electrodes. 2026-10-02T00:00:00Z Dataset Media 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c04294.s005 https://figshare.com/articles/media/Multibubble_Detachment_Characteristics_of_Regularly_Distributed_Nucleation_Sites_during_Water_Splitting/34057313 CC BY-NC 4.0