2026-10-06T08:43:13Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34056675 2026-10-02T13:16:40Z category_80 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_10_2026

Data Sheet 1_Nature-based flood assessment for vulnerable educational infrastructure under tropical urban conditions.pdf Joao Calle-Espinoza (25302399) Jose Javier Serrano-Chano (25302402) Yandry Bermello-Guadamud (25302405) Lady Bravo-Montero (25302408) Bruce Tumbaco-Vega (25302411) Luis Dominguez-Granda (639459) Mijail Arias-Hidalgo (22465630) Hydrology educational infrastructure EPA SWMM low-impact development nature-based solutions participatory assessment tropical cities urban stormwater flooding <p>Worldwide, urban rainwater flooding is increasingly affecting small-scale public infrastructure in tropical cities. Consequently, drainage decisions are often made with limited hydrometric data. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate flood control alternatives using the Nature-based Solutions (NBS) approach through participatory assessment and modeling with the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) at a vulnerable educational infrastructure (VEI) in Durán, Ecuador. The methodological design of this research involves case study analysis, rainfall data and the SWMM model. Then, a community workshop was developed with the VEI's stakeholders to identify areas of recurrent waterlogging, reported flood depths and drainage constraints. A reference condition and three Low-Impact Development (LID) scenarios were then simulated under 15 synthetic design storms, combining return periods of 5, 10 and 20 years with durations of 30 min, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours. Finally, the model's performance was evaluated using variables such as runoff, outflow volume, peak flow, flood volume, maximum depth, the multi-criteria LID performance index, bootstrap confidence intervals and an exploratory robustness analysis. The findings of this study highlight the participation of 28 stakeholders in the workshop, including parents and teachers, which enabled the identification of flood-prone areas and the location of LID scenarios. This research demonstrated that individual LID scenarios reduced certain hydrological indicators but, in some cases, increased the flood volume or maximum depth. The combined LID scenario provided the most balanced response, reducing average runoff by 37.90%, flood volume by 50.90%, maximum water depth by 46.44%, and outflow volume by 17.37% compared with the baseline. Of particular note is the integration of hydrological modeling and the effectiveness of LIDs in reducing runoff and redistributing peak flows. The SUDS/LID alternative most widely accepted by the school community and demonstrating the best hydrological performance was the sustainable urban drainage system, which should be strategically located near the main runoff-generating surfaces or upstream of recurrent flooding areas. This study provides a flood risk management tool that can be adapted to other VEI environments in urban-coastal regions where hydrological data is scarce.</p> 2026-10-02T13:16:40Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/frwa.2026.1916414.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Nature-based_flood_assessment_for_vulnerable_educational_infrastructure_under_tropical_urban_conditions_pdf/34056675 CC BY 4.0