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oai:figshare.com:article/34050153 2026-10-01T18:04:37Z category_1 category_16 category_19 category_24 category_272 category_873 category_39 category_734 category_133 portal_63 item_type_6 month_year_10_2026

Ion-Exchange Strategy toward Green Energetic Dinitramide Ionic Salts with Ultralow Hygroscopicity and Low Sensitivity Ruyi Lu (17051952) Ming Lu (122276) Pengcheng Wang (400334) Biophysics Physiology Pharmacology Evolutionary Biology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Ecology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Plant Biology decomposition onset temperature 83 g cm 25 ° c 170 ° c low mechanical sensitivity calculated detonation velocity moisture resistance remains compound 3 shows compound 6 combines based energetic materials moisture resistance based materials mechanical safety detonation pressure compound 6 energetic properties energetic performance ultralow hygroscopicity results demonstrate relative humidity measured density major challenge friction load free oxidizers either salt effective strategy cation structure aqueous metathesis 9 gpa 65 wt 54 h 40 j 360 n Developing chlorine-free oxidizers that simultaneously combine high energy, low mechanical sensitivity, and moisture resistance remains a major challenge for dinitramide-based energetic materials. Herein, two nitrogen-rich heterocyclic dinitramide salts, 3 and 6, were prepared through aqueous metathesis to investigate the influence of cation structure on their physicochemical and energetic properties. Compound 3 shows a decomposition onset temperature of 170 °C and a stepwise exothermic decomposition process, indicating relatively high thermal robustness. In contrast, compound 6 combines a measured density of 1.83 g cm^–3 with a calculated detonation velocity of 8951 m s^–1 and a detonation pressure of 35.9 GPa, comparable to those of RDX. No initiation was observed for either salt up to the maximum tested impact energy and friction load of 40 J and 360 N, respectively. Compound 6 also exhibits minimal moisture uptake after exposure to 55% relative humidity at 25 °C for 54 h. EXPLO5 calculations predict maximum specific impulses of 268.6 and 270.0 s for GAP- and NEPE-based formulations containing 45 and 65 wt % compound 6, respectively. These results demonstrate that nitrogen-rich heterocyclic cations provide an effective strategy for balancing the energetic performance, mechanical safety, and moisture resistance of dinitramide-based materials. 2026-10-01T00:00:00Z Text Journal contribution 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6c04141.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Ion-Exchange_Strategy_toward_Green_Energetic_Dinitramide_Ionic_Salts_with_Ultralow_Hygroscopicity_and_Low_Sensitivity/34050153 CC BY-NC 4.0