2026-10-12T14:39:56Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34049954 2026-10-01T17:54:09Z category_7 category_12 category_21 category_45 category_106 category_132 portal_5 item_type_3 month_year_10_2026

<p>Extracted data from all included studies.</p> Lauren D’Mello-Guyett (8269044) Neelina Jaggarwal (25158116) Jane Wilbur (6308054) Belen Torondel (407515) Meghna Ranganathan (124333) Medicine Cell Biology Biotechnology Sociology Science Policy Infectious Diseases urinary tract infections supportive social environments humanitarian response frameworks alongside psychosocial consequences 6 ), cyclones including dermatological irritation disproportionately affecting women menstrual cycle irregularities review synthesises evidence methods systematic review 3 ), droughts reduced water availability several mhh domains 3 ), affecting comfort interlinked domains interconnected domains including access menstrual materials menstrual health menstrual discomfort synthesised narratively studies published restricted mobility related hazards reduced privacy onset hazards multiple hazards methods studies manage menstruation infection risk extreme heat examining associations earlier menarche disposal facilities disaster preparedness damaged water covering floods across hazards 890 records 4 ). <div><p>Menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) encompasses access to menstrual materials; water, sanitation, and disposal facilities; privacy and safety; accurate information; supportive social environments; access to care for menstrual discomfort and disorders; enabling people to manage menstruation with dignity and choice. Climate change is disrupting these interlinked domains, disproportionately affecting women, girls, and people who menstruate. This review synthesises evidence on how climate change affects MHH across diverse climate hazard contexts. We conducted a global mixed-methods systematic review of studies published in English between 1947 and 2025, examining associations between climate-related hazards and MHH. We conducted searches in Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies were eligible. Given the heterogeneity in exposures, outcomes, and designs, findings were synthesised narratively. From 3,890 records, 25 studies met inclusion criteria, covering floods (n = 7), air pollution (n = 6), cyclones (n = 3), droughts (n = 3), saltwater intrusion (n = 3), and multiple hazards (n = 4). Flood- and cyclone-related studies reported disrupted access to menstrual materials, damaged water and sanitation infrastructure, reduced privacy and safety, limited access to care for menstrual disorders, and unsupportive social environments characterised by stigma and restricted mobility. Drought and salinity intrusion constrained hygiene practices through reduced water availability and quality, affecting comfort, dignity, and infection risk. Across hazards, studies documented adverse physical outcomes, including dermatological irritation and reproductive or urinary tract infections, alongside psychosocial consequences such as shame, anxiety, and harassment. Air pollution studies linked exposures with earlier menarche and menstrual cycle irregularities. Evidence on extreme heat and several MHH domains, including access to information, was limited. Climate-related hazards undermine multiple, interconnected domains of MHH. The evidence base remains fragmented across hazards, geographies, methods, underscoring the need to integrate MHH into climate adaptation, disaster preparedness, and humanitarian response frameworks and to address critical research gaps related to extreme heat, slow-onset hazards, and equity.</p></div> 2026-10-01T17:54:04Z Dataset Dataset 10.1371/journal.pclm.0001083.s003 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_p_Extracted_data_from_all_included_studies_p_/34049954 CC BY 4.0