2026-10-14T06:09:17Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34047976 2026-10-01T17:28:51Z category_7 category_21 category_272 category_45 category_46 category_106 category_132 category_135 portal_5 item_type_6 month_year_10_2026

<p>Supplementary material 1.</p> Ranna Kíssia Alves das Neves (25157704) Leonardo Soares Bastos (3825649) Daniel Antunes Maciel Villela (8438013) Valeria Saraceni (375246) Débora Medeiros de Oliveira Cruz (25157707) Luiz Max Carvalho (9510575) Antonio Guilherme Pacheco (4251952) Medicine Biotechnology Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified Sociology Immunology Science Policy Infectious Diseases Computational Biology strengthen health education skin color emerged rio de janeiro public health policies occurring &# 8805 hospital discharge disposition four administrative databases brazil &# 8217 booster (&# 8805 analysis included demographics address social vulnerabilities 52 &# 8211 2020 &# 8211 001 individuals included complete vaccination regimen significant risk factors identify factors associated annual rehospitalization rates individual vaccination status 2022 ), assess 19 vaccination campaign vaccination status 73 ), full vaccination xlink "> urgently needed sus notifica study aimed related variables related rehospitalization rehospitalizations due rehospitalization due record linkage racial inequities patients due main finding initial hospitalization including rehospitalization fundamental strategy deaths considered competing risks black race advanced age 90 days 2 infection <div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant challenges, including rehospitalization of patients due to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, particularly in the context of variants of concern and Brazil’s COVID-19 vaccination campaign. This study aimed to estimate the rate of rehospitalizations due to reinfection in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro (2020–2022), assess the impact of individual vaccination status, and identify factors associated with this outcome. Cohort study including individuals aged 18 years or older who were hospitalized with Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection in Rio de Janeiro. Data from four administrative databases (SIPNI, e-SUS Notifica, SIVEP-Gripe, and SIM) were integrated through record linkage. Rehospitalizations due to reinfection were defined as those occurring ≥90 days after the initial hospitalization. Annual rehospitalization rates were calculated per 100 person-years. The analysis included demographics, hospital discharge disposition, and vaccination-related variables. Cox proportional hazards models with deaths considered as competing risks were used. Of the 59,001 individuals included, 1,957 (3.3%) experienced rehospitalization. The main finding was that a complete vaccination regimen with a booster (≥3 doses) was associated with a 39% reduction in the risk of rehospitalization (sHR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.52–0.73), while older age, multimorbidity, and Black race/skin color emerged as significant risk factors. Full vaccination with booster doses offered protection against COVID-19-related rehospitalization; however, racial inequities, advanced age, and comorbidities remain important risk factors. Public health policies that expand periodic booster vaccination, strengthen health education, and address social vulnerabilities are urgently needed as a fundamental strategy for preventing future pandemics.</p></div> 2026-10-01T17:28:49Z Text Journal contribution 10.1371/journal.pone.0332281.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_p_Supplementary_material_1_p_/34047976 CC BY 4.0