2026-10-13T14:50:45Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34047722 2026-10-01T17:26:49Z category_1 category_4 category_8 category_12 category_13 category_14 category_873 category_39 category_46 category_734 category_61 category_133 portal_5 item_type_6 month_year_10_2026

<p>Inclusivity in global research.</p> Fatemeh Mohammadi (4914556) Mohammad Reza Naghavi (8486412) Mohtaram Mahmoudieh (21807606) Meisam Zargar (17827351) Biophysics Biochemistry Microbiology Cell Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Ecology Immunology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Developmental Biology Plant Biology tolerant alternative source fundamental signaling molecule employing hormonal elicitors prenyltransferase 3 (< morphological analysis revealed div >< p although moderate concentrations dependent shift highlighted significantly stimulated leaf biphasic morphological response rubber biosynthesis pathway parthenium argentatum </ exogenous salicylic acid guayule seedlings grown guayule (< rubber biosynthesis dependent response argentatum </ p </ varying concentrations significantly induced morphological traits leaf stage natural rubber dependent upregulation salicylic acid vitro </ srpp </ fpps </ cpt3 </ aos </ vegetative growth study evaluated stress responses statistically significant specific influence shoot proliferation secondary metabolism root elongation results demonstrate <div><p>Guayule (<i>Parthenium argentatum</i> A. Gray) serves as a critical, drought-tolerant alternative source of natural rubber for medical and industrial applications. While salicylic acid is a fundamental signaling molecule in plant development, stress responses, and secondary metabolism, its specific influence on the gene expression of rubber biosynthesis in guayule remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of exogenous salicylic acid on the morphological traits and regulation of cis-prenyltransferase 3 (<i>CPT3</i>), small rubber particle protein (<i>SRPP</i>), farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (<i>FPPS</i>), and allene oxide synthase (<i>AOS</i>) in guayule seedlings grown <i>in vitro</i> condition. Seedlings at the four-leaf stage were treated with varying concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 µM) for four weeks. Treatment with exogenous salicylic acid induced a biphasic morphological response in <i>P</i>. <i>argentatum</i> seedlings. Morphological analysis revealed a dose-dependent response: although moderate concentrations (2.5 and 5 µM) showed a trend toward increased shoot and root elongation, these differences were not statistically significant. However, 7.5 µM inhibited elongation but significantly stimulated leaf and shoot proliferation. This dose-dependent shift highlighted the hormetic potential of salicylic acid in modulating plant morphogenesis without affecting seedling viability. In addition, quantitative gene expression analysis showed significant, concentration-dependent upregulation of <i>CPT3</i> and <i>SRPP</i>, alongside gradual increases in <i>AOS</i> expression. However, <i>FPPS</i> was significantly induced only at 7.5 µM salicylic acid. These results demonstrate that salicylic acid is a potent modulator of both vegetative growth and the genes expression of rubber biosynthesis pathway. Consequently, these findings provide a molecular foundation for employing hormonal elicitors to upregulate key biosynthetic genes in guayule biotechnology.</p></div> 2026-10-01T17:26:47Z Text Journal contribution 10.1371/journal.pone.0358720.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_p_Inclusivity_in_global_research_p_/34047722 CC BY 4.0