2026-10-07T21:21:09Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34046916 2026-10-01T16:17:25Z category_29257 category_29263 category_29260 category_27613 category_29650 category_29248 category_28864 category_29641 category_29701 item_type_14 month_year_10_2026

Between resistance and negotiation. Intellectual property as a survival strategy for media facing AI and digital platforms Simón Peña-Fernández (21922478) Javier Díaz-Noci (22009018) Javier Odriozola-Chéné (22125083) Rosa Pérez-Arozamena (22125082) Koldobika Meso-Ayerdi (22009021) Journalism studies Media studies Media industry studies Communications and media policy Media and communication law Communication technology and digital media studies Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified Law, science and technology Intellectual property law Generative artificial intelligence Intellectual property Digital journalism Media sustainability Platforms <p dir="ltr"><b>Introduction.</b> Generative AI has intensified tensions between news organisations and technology platforms over intellectual property, audience traffic and journalism’s economic sustainability. The report examines how leading Spanish digital media have framed AI since ChatGPT’s emergence, while considering the subsequent disruption caused by Google AI Overviews and AI Mode.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Methods.</b> The study combines quantitative content analysis with legal and industry analysis. It examines 242 AI-related articles published between January 2022 and December 2024 by leading Spanish digital-native and legacy outlets, selected according to GfK DAM audience data. Frequency distributions and contingency tables assess thematic frames and editorial positions.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Results.</b> Intellectual property emerges as the central underlying conflict. Coverage concentrates on authorship (68%), ethics and legal liability (45%), business models and licensing (32%), and employment (21%). Legacy media generally frame AI as a threat to journalistic assets, whereas digital-native outlets emphasise efficiency and commercial opportunities. Civil society and journalists themselves remain marginal in the debate. Google’s AI-generated summaries further intensify concerns by retaining users within the platform and reducing referral traffic.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Discussion.</b> Intellectual property is becoming both a defensive right and a bargaining asset. The sector is consequently shifting from litigation towards licensing, collective negotiation and technological adaptation, although confidential agreements may strengthen major publishers while marginalising smaller outlets.</p> 2026-10-01T16:17:25Z Text Conference contribution 10.6084/m9.figshare.34046916.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Between_resistance_and_negotiation_Intellectual_property_as_a_survival_strategy_for_media_facing_AI_and_digital_platforms/34046916 CC BY 4.0