2026-10-11T06:33:05Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34044076 2026-10-01T11:07:58Z category_1 category_4 category_146 category_14 category_873 category_734 portal_63 item_type_6 month_year_10_2026

Ligand-Tuned Coordination Frameworks: Structural Insights from Gel-Crystal Formation, Hydrogen-Bond-Donating Friedel–Crafts Catalysis and Optical Sensing Sumit Mondal (15072222) Johndeep Kalita (23157012) Rajesh Patra (17973129) Subham Sahoo (13213939) Debajit Sarma (1493722) Biophysics Biochemistry Space Science Molecular Biology Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified tuned coordination frameworks nanomolar detection limit improve catalytic transformations designed coordination frameworks 32 × 10 2d coordination polymer facilitates hierarchical self demonstrate significant efficacy additional amine functionality sv </ sub superior optical sensors pyridinyl )- 1 facilitate substrate activation gel </ b bpbd </ b 4 </ sup substrate activation k </ zinc facilitates optical sensing effective sensors amine counterpart >< sub bilirubin demonstrate structural role structural insights solely yields sites originating organic linkers judicious selection jaundice biomarker isophthalic acid functionalized pyridine functional features framework construction donor functionalities crystal formation cp ), based linker aminoisophthalic acid 26 nm The judicious selection of the amide-functionalized pyridine-based linker, bis(4-pyridinyl)-1,4-benzenedicarboxamide, and zinc facilitates the development of a series of coordination frameworks exhibiting unique self-assembly characteristics and functional features. Incorporation of an additional amine functionality (5-aminoisophthalic acid) facilitates hierarchical self-assembly to form a 2D coordination polymer (CP), <b>Zn-AIP-BPBD</b>, and a soft coordination polymer gel (<b>Zn-AIP-BPBD-gel</b>), whereas the non-amine counterpart (isophthalic acid) solely yields a crystalline CP (<b>Zn-IP-BPBD</b>). In addition to the structural role in framework construction, the presence of hydrogen-bond-donor functionalities in the organic linkers provides effective pathways of substrate activation. Herein, we designed coordination frameworks that include hydrogen-bond-donating (HBD) sites originating from organic linkers to facilitate substrate activation and improve catalytic transformations. Both <b>Zn-AIP-BPBD</b> and <b>Zn-AIP-BPBD-gel</b> demonstrate significant efficacy in hydrogen-bond-donating Friedel–Crafts alkylation reactions. Furthermore, the effects of this HBD site were shown by the generation of superior optical sensors. Both <b>Zn-AIP-BPBD</b> and <b>Zn-AIP-BPBD-gel</b> were employed as effective sensors for the jaundice biomarker, bilirubin. The high <i>K</i>_SV value (5.32 × 10⁴ M^–1) and a nanomolar detection limit (1.26 nM) for bilirubin demonstrate its potential for bilirubin sensing. 2026-10-01T00:00:00Z Text Journal contribution 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6c03270.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Ligand-Tuned_Coordination_Frameworks_Structural_Insights_from_Gel-Crystal_Formation_Hydrogen-Bond-Donating_Friedel_Crafts_Catalysis_and_Optical_Sensing/34044076 CC BY-NC 4.0