2026-10-11T06:12:33Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34041849 2026-10-01T09:34:21Z category_388 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_10_2026

Supplementary file 1_Molecular profiling and prognostic significance of gastric cancer subtypes based on extracellular vesicle-related characteristics.docx Guangyu Ding (1974004) Chenjie Xu (135659) Xingmao Huang (18231665) Federico Maria Mongardini (25155714) Pengfei Yu (680800) Chengkang Zhu (25155717) Hongtao Wang (570131) Zequan Wu (25155720) Shengxin Fang (25155723) Xinyi Lei (10717245) Minji Xu (25155726) Salvatore Tolone (3267468) Ludovico Docimo (3267483) Li Min (356608) Ling Huang (51752) Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified caveolae-mediated endocytosis endocytosis extracellular vesicles gastric cancer immune checkpoint markers molecular subtypes Background<p>Gastric cancer (GC) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease. This study aims to explore whether endocytosis pathway-associated genes and immune checkpoint-related features were linked to GC subtypes and prognosis.</p>Methods<p>Public transcriptomic datasets from TCGA and GEO were analyzed. ssGSEA was applied to predefined endocytosis-related gene sets, and NMF was used to identify molecular subtypes. Survival, tumor microenvironment features, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and differentially expressed genes were evaluated. A three-gene prognostic model was developed and assessed through retrospective internal and external validation across public cohorts for prognostic association only.</p>Results<p>Two endocytosis-related subtypes were identified. The Group 1 subtype showed higher pathway activity, more immunosuppressive microenvironmental features, higher expression of selected immune checkpoint-related markers, and poorer survival. The Group 2 subtype showed lower pathway activity and more favorable outcomes. A three-gene signature (NRP1, SERPINE1, and MISP3) stratified patients into higher-risk and lower-risk groups across retrospective cohorts. Higher-risk cases were associated with worse overall survival and enrichment of epithelial-mesenchymal transition- and immune evasion-related pathways. This retrospective cross-cohort validation suggests that the prognostic signal was not restricted to a single dataset, but it does not demonstrate prospective clinical validity, analytical validity, or readiness for clinical implementation.</p>Conclusions<p>Endocytosis-related molecular patterns may be associated with distinct biological and prognostic features in GC. The identified subtypes and prognostic signature should be interpreted as exploratory, hypothesis-generating findings that warrant further prospective, functional, and assay-level validation.</p> 2026-10-01T09:34:21Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fonc.2026.1948199.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_file_1_Molecular_profiling_and_prognostic_significance_of_gastric_cancer_subtypes_based_on_extracellular_vesicle-related_characteristics_docx/34041849 CC BY 4.0