2026-10-14T03:53:32Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34039731 2026-10-01T05:43:17Z category_34 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_10_2026

Data Sheet 1_Climate and forest form divergences amplify spatiotemporal heterogeneity and environmental inequity in China’s forest cooling services.docx Feng Yue (87255) Heng Zheng (447307) Chunguang Hu (3691597) Jinglin He (18879265) Muyi Li (12435395) Chengyuan Wang (425136) Zhuoxian Liu (25153080) Environmental Science cooling service GTNNWR model inequality urban forest urban heat island Introduction<p>Driven by the coupling of rapid urbanization and climate change, Urban Heat Island (UHI) risks have intensified across China. However, given the nation’s vast geographic expanse, the cooling services of Urban Forests (UF) exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity. Neglecting human-centric perspectives and environmental justice may exacerbate gaps in cooling services and lead to inequitable distribution of environmental benefits.</p>Methods<p>This study investigates 368 Chinese cities using the GTNNWR model to quantify three core indicators: Cooling Efficiency (CE), Cooling Capacity (CC), and Cooling Benefit (CB). We systematically explore the spatiotemporal heterogeneity, driving mechanisms, and equity evolution of cooling services.</p>Results<p>The results indicate that: (1) UF demonstrate a pronounced cooling effect with an average CE of 3.61, implying that for every one-standard-unit increase in the UFCI, the LST decreases by 3.61°C; however, the average CC (0.55) and CB (0.33) remain relatively low (CC and CB are both dimensionless). (2) Driving mechanisms exhibit multidimensional differentiation: natural factors exert negative driving effects by regulating thermal baselines and vegetation growth, while socio-economic factors exert positive driving effects through anthropogenic heat emissions and land-use changes. (3) The Gini coefficient for cooling service equity is 0.844, categorized as highly unequal, though this inequality has gradually moderated in recent years.</p>Discussion<p>To enhance urban thermal resilience and ensure a balanced supply of cooling services, this study proposes sustainable development strategies from the dual perspective of climate zones-forest forms, providing scientific support for differentiated urban thermal environment governance.</p> 2026-10-01T05:43:17Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fenvs.2026.1938446.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Climate_and_forest_form_divergences_amplify_spatiotemporal_heterogeneity_and_environmental_inequity_in_China_s_forest_cooling_services_docx/34039731 CC BY 4.0