2026-10-14T04:40:13Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34039467 2026-10-01T05:39:33Z category_696 portal_316 item_type_1 month_year_10_2026

Image 1_Spatial oligonucleotide immuno-reprogramming model (SOIRM): a testable framework linking bone marrow resistance states and oligonucleotide therapeutics in multiple myeloma.jpg Ahmed M. Hjazi (16496468) Genetic Immunology bone marrow microenvironment measurable residual disease multiple myeloma oligonucleotide therapeutics single-cell sequencing SOIRM spatial transcriptomics therapeutic resistance <p>This narrative review presents SOIRM as a conceptual and testable research framework rather than a systematic review, a report of new experimental data, or an established treatment model. It distinguishes findings supported by multiple myeloma studies from emerging evidence, the author’s interpretation, and hypotheses that require dedicated experimental and clinical validation. Therapeutic resistance and measurable residual disease (MRD) in multiple myeloma (MM) reflect tumor-intrinsic evolution and interactions between malignant plasma cells and the bone marrow microenvironment. Recent primary studies have identified inflammatory stromal populations, subclone-specific effects on the microenvironment, site-specific plasma-cell programs, and immune states associated with treatment response. These findings do not yet establish a clinically applicable spatially targeted intervention. The Spatial Oligonucleotide Immuno-Reprogramming Model (SOIRM) is therefore proposed as a falsifiable research framework, not as an established therapy.</p> 2026-10-01T05:39:33Z Image Figure 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1917518.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Spatial_oligonucleotide_immuno-reprogramming_model_SOIRM_a_testable_framework_linking_bone_marrow_resistance_states_and_oligonucleotide_therapeutics_in_multiple_myeloma_jpg/34039467 CC BY 4.0