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oai:figshare.com:article/34038570 2026-10-01T04:34:05Z category_388 portal_316 item_type_1 month_year_10_2026

Image 1_Continuous spatially informed microenvironment programs show cross-cohort concordance and context-dependent spatial organization in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.tiff Junwei Yang (112231) Han Li (10885) Liuxin Jiang (25152120) Lishuo Deng (25152123) Yuetong Tan (25152126) Jianxiong Zhu (5321027) Jifan Li (6498407) Yao Wang (102387) Gaojie Liu (9133553) Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified continuous programs diffuse large B-cell lymphoma sensitivity analysis spatial transcriptomics tumor microenvironment UCell Background<p>Spatial transcriptomics resolves tissue organization in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), whereas most clinically annotated cohorts remain bulk transcriptomic datasets.</p>Methods<p>We evaluated six literature-informed curated composite programs across bulk, single-cell and spatial datasets without assuming a discrete ecosystem taxonomy. The programs comprised Macrophage-rich, T cell-inflamed, Antigen-presentation, Stromal/fibrotic, Immune-cold/exclusion and Proliferative/cycling, with 22 memberships per program (132 memberships, 121 unique genes and 11 shared memberships).</p>Results<p>In 498 GSE31312 tumors, principal components 1 and 2 (PC1 and PC2) explained 48.6% and 20.8% of score variance. No candidate discrete taxonomy demonstrated sufficient stability for retention; k=2 met silhouette and size criteria but failed both bootstrap-stability thresholds. Historical 15-edge concordance was high for GSE10846 (rho=0.936) and GSE181063 (rho=0.982), whereas the most restrictive GSE10846 edge-exclusion sensitivity, removing both shared-gene and proliferation-associated edges, reduced rho to 0.690. Single-cell analysis of 14,368 DLBCL cells from four patients and eight samples provided descriptive lineage context. In Visium V2 areas, the antigen-presentation series was treated as AP-residual (HLA-unmeasured) because only 13/22 program genes were measurable and all nine HLA genes in the defined program were unavailable. Matched-random-gene-set support was broad but not universal (24/30 DLBCL, 18/24 context/background, 42/54 overall; 25/32 primary-plus-exploratory), whereas both depth-adjusted residual endpoints were supported in 30/30 DLBCL area-program combinations.</p>Conclusion<p>These findings support continuous program-level interpretation while retaining explicit provenance, stability, assay, method and sampling limitations.</p> 2026-10-01T04:34:05Z Image Figure 10.3389/fonc.2026.1919412.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Continuous_spatially_informed_microenvironment_programs_show_cross-cohort_concordance_and_context-dependent_spatial_organization_in_diffuse_large_B-cell_lymphoma_tiff/34038570 CC BY 4.0