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          <dc:title>In Situ 3D Crystal
Growth Measurement: Unravelling
the Nature of Crystal Face-Specific Growth Rate Dispersion in α‑Form l‑Glutamic Acid</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Chen Jiang (200126)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Thomas P. Ilett (18320574)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Thomas A. Hazlehurst (18320571)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Cai Y. Ma (8490066)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>David C. Hogg (11216274)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Kevin J. Roberts (1348965)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Microbiology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Cell Biology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Ecology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Developmental Biology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Inorganic Chemistry</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Plant Biology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>α form l</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>glutamic acid crystals</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>faces growing fastest</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>complex 3d morphology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>20 habit faces</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>mass transfer limited</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>local solution environment</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>crystallization process design</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>specific growth rates</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>solution supersaturation</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>limited growth</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>growth process</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>surface integration</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>reflecting differences</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>mechanistic analysis</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>experimental images</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>estimated using</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>enabling calculation</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>density data</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>6 forms</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>Obtaining 3D crystal morphology and its evolution during
growth
is beneficial for crystallization process design. A newly developed
image analysis tool is used to reconstruct the complex 3D morphology
(20 habit faces in 6 forms) of α form l-glutamic acid
crystals from 2D transmission microscopy images captured in situ during
the growth process. A digital crystallographically based polyhedral
mesh is fitted to experimental images, enabling calculation of face-specific
growth rates. Solution supersaturation during the growth process is
estimated using the fitted crystal volume together with solubility
and density data. The data reveals significant growth rate dispersion,
reflecting differences in the local solution environment, with {110}
and {100} faces growing fastest and {001} the slowest. For our experiments,
mechanistic analysis is consistent with surface integration-limited
growth, which aligns with the BCF model, except for the {111} and
{001} surfaces, which are mass transfer limited under the B&amp;S
model.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-30T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
          <dc:type>Text</dc:type>
          <dc:type>Journal contribution</dc:type>
          <dc:identifier>10.1021/acs.iecr.6c02035.s001</dc:identifier>
          <dc:relation>https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/In_Situ_3D_Crystal_Growth_Measurement_Unravelling_the_Nature_of_Crystal_Face-Specific_Growth_Rate_Dispersion_in_Form_l_Glutamic_Acid/34037151</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>CC BY-NC 4.0</dc:rights>
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