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oai:figshare.com:article/34036169 2026-09-30T17:44:49Z category_7 category_12 category_21 category_46 category_64 category_132 category_134 portal_5 item_type_1 month_year_09_2026

Primary keratinocytes demonstrate dose-dependent gene induction via IFNγ-treatment. Angelina Zimenko (25145435) Ian Hayman (25145438) Youyi Fong (519951) Luke D. Monroe (5165948) Margaret G. Mills (3756298) Alex Greninger (11084570) Christine Johnston (375038) Lawrence Corey (140058) Jia Zhu (135506) Medicine Cell Biology Biotechnology Immunology Cancer Infectious Diseases Virology strongly induced gene protein levels compared limited genital lesions infects genital epithelia increased nuclear localization including robust induction ifn &# 947 enhanced chemokine production immune cell recruitment epithelial antiviral defense antiviral immune cells asymptomatic viral shedding doses much lower cell cytokine signaling epithelial cells efficient recruitment either asymptomatic wide spectrum vaccine strategies understanding variability symptomatic donors results suggest results revealed recurrent self previously reported interferon gamma improving therapies clinical outcomes chemokines involved (A) Changes of CXCL10, CCL5, IL15, IL12A, and IFI16 expression in primary keratinocytes (n = 10 donors with 3 replicates per donor, A-C) 4 hours following mock-treatment or treatment with 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 100 U/mL IFNγ, normalized to β-actin (dashed line). Data is represented as ΔCt, which is calculated by subtracting the Ct value of β-actin from the Ct of induced genes. All Ct values were acquired directly from qPCR with a maximum Ct threshold of 35. (B) Fold change in CXCL10, CCL5, IL15, IL12A, and IFI16 expression in primary keratinocytes (n = 10) 4 hours following mock-treatment or treatment with 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 100 U/mL IFNγ. Fold change is calculated as relative to mock expression, normalized to β-actin, using the ΔΔCt method. The bold line represents the average fold change of gene expression across all donors. Dashed lines represent fold change expression in individual donors. (C) Fold change in CXCL10, CCL5, IL15, IL12A, and IFI16 expression in primary keratinocytes mock-treated or treated with 100 U/mL IFNγ at 4 hours and 24 hours post-treatment. Symbols represent the geometric mean of each individual donor. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, NS, not significant; linear mixed models were used to analyze fold change in gene expression. 2026-09-30T17:55:35Z Image Figure 10.1371/journal.ppat.1014612.g002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/_p_Primary_keratinocytes_demonstrate_dose-dependent_gene_induction_via_IFN_-treatment_p_/34036169 CC BY 4.0