2026-10-11T14:45:00Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34035366 2026-09-30T17:33:31Z category_7 category_12 category_13 category_15 category_21 category_64 category_106 portal_5 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

<p>Data.</p> Xinwei Zuo (12217197) Qing Zhou (52712) Lilong Pang (25145310) Gaoting Li (25145313) Feng Long (573216) Zihao Xiang (25145316) Xin Gong (592328) Manyi Xu (8068172) Ting Chen (15205) Xuemei Lian (13161411) Medicine Cell Biology Genetics Neuroscience Biotechnology Cancer Science Policy polyunsaturated fatty acid multiplicative interaction tests 70 &# 8211 40 &# 8211 32 &# 8211 31 &# 8211 three pufa types five sleep characteristics 30 &# 8211 dietary pufa intake estimate odds ratios although lower stratum lung cancer compared lung cancer across 45 &# 8211 3 pufa intake unfavorable sleep patterns favorable sleep patterns xlink "> evidence 644 matched controls total pufa intake lung cancer case lung cancer sleep patterns xlink "> 3 pufas two controls september 30 lower odds validated semi total pufas sqffq ), southwest china matched case explore whether evaluated using <div> <p>Background</p><p>Evidence on the associations of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and sleep patterns with lung cancer remains inconsistent. We aimed to examine these associations in southwest China and to explore whether the association between sleep patterns and lung cancer differed according to dietary PUFA intake.</p> <p>Methods</p><p>We conducted a matched case-control study in Chongqing, southwest China, from August 22, 2023, to September 30, 2024. Each lung cancer case was matched to two controls by age group (<45, 45–65, or >65 years) and sex. Dietary PUFA intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ), and sleep patterns were evaluated using a composite healthy sleep score based on five sleep characteristics. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p> <p>Results</p><p>A total of 322 lung cancer cases and 644 matched controls were included. In continuous analyses, each 1-g/day increase in omega-3 PUFA intake was associated with lower odds of lung cancer (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70–0.96). In tertile-based analyses, participants in the highest versus lowest intake tertiles had lower odds of lung cancer across all three PUFA types (omega-3 PUFAs: OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.32–0.78; omega-6 PUFAs: OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.31–0.80; total PUFAs: OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.30–0.79). Favorable sleep patterns were also associated with lower odds of lung cancer compared with unfavorable sleep patterns (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.40–0.87). Although lower stratum-specific ORs were observed in the higher omega-3 PUFA intake stratum, the multiplicative interaction tests were not statistically significant.</p> <p>Conclusion</p><p>Higher dietary omega-3 PUFA intake and favorable sleep patterns were each associated with lower odds of lung cancer in this matched case-control study. Associations for omega-6 and total PUFA intake were observed in tertile-based analyses but were not consistent across modeling approaches. These observational findings require confirmation in prospective studies.</p></div> 2026-09-30T17:33:28Z Dataset Dataset 10.1371/journal.pone.0358576.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_p_Data_p_/34035366 CC BY 4.0