2026-10-11T21:16:58Z
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2026-09-30T17:32:24Z
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<p>Top 5 non-AIDS-defining causes of admission.</p>
Daniela Lucía Rico-Bolívar (25145245)
Cándida Díaz-Brochero (25145248)
Rebecca Hattemer (25145251)
Camila Andrea Bejarano-Mora (25145254)
Laura Bejarano-Mora (25145257)
Moises A. Huaman (2590906)
Sandra Liliana Valderrama-Beltrán (13822649)
Medicine
Cancer
Infectious Diseases
Virology
Computational Biology
strengthen early diagnosis
pneumocystis jirovecii </
mental health disorders
detectable viral load
complexity referral center
active case finding
assess variations across
3 %, 63
non – aids
comprehensive care models
2018 &# 8211
confirmed hiv infection
epidemiological periods related
3 %, 4
6 %; p
2024 </ p
median 14 vs
median age
hospitalizations related
6 %,
among aids
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urgent need
taken together
substantial burden
study aimed
opportunistic infections
longer length
kaposi sarcoma
income countries
improve retention
hospitalizations due
higher 30
findings highlight
events attributable
defining hospitalizations
defining conditions
day mortality
compared across
clinical characteristics
care hospital
art use
antiretroviral therapy
although 68
9 %)
<div>
<p>Background and objective</p><p>Despite expanded access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) continue to experience high hospitalization rates, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to describe the causes of hospitalization in a cohort of PLWH treated at a high-complexity referral center in Bogotá, Colombia, and to assess variations across the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods of COVID-19.</p>
<p>Methodology</p><p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study including hospitalization episodes among adults with confirmed HIV infection between 2018 and 2024. Clinical characteristics, causes of hospitalization, and outcomes were compared across the epidemiological periods related to the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>
<p>Results</p><p>A total of 872 hospitalization episodes corresponding to 584 patients were analyzed. The median age was 34 years, and 89.1% were men. Although 68.7% of patients had a history of ART use, 54.8% were admitted with detectable viral load. Non–AIDS-defining causes predominated across all periods (61.8%), with a progressive increase from the pre-pandemic to the post-pandemic period (55.3%, 63.1%, and 70.1%, respectively). A sustained increase in hospitalizations due to mental health disorders was observed over time (4.3%, 4.6%, and 7.8%). Among AIDS-defining conditions, tuberculosis (15.8%) and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> pneumonia (14.9%) were the most frequent. Hospitalizations due to opportunistic infections were associated with longer length of stay (median 14 vs. 6 days; p < 0.001) and higher 30-day mortality (8.6% vs. 2.6%; p < 0.001) compared with non–AIDS-defining hospitalizations, with a proportional increase in events attributable to tuberculosis and Kaposi sarcoma.</p>
<p>Conclusions</p><p>An epidemiological transition towards non-AIDS-defining causes of hospitalization is evident, comparable to patterns observed in high-income countries; however, a substantial burden of tuberculosis, Kaposi sarcoma, and late HIV diagnosis persists, likely reflecting ongoing structural gaps in HIV care. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in hospitalizations related to mental health disorders was observed. Taken together, these findings highlight the urgent need to strengthen early diagnosis, active case finding, and tuberculosis prevention, as well as to enhance the implementation of comprehensive care models that improve retention in care for PLWH in low- and middle-income countries.</p></div>
2026-09-30T17:32:12Z
Image
Figure
10.1371/journal.pone.0357788.g003
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/_p_Top_5_non-AIDS-defining_causes_of_admission_p_/34035199
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