2026-10-13T09:50:31Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34032189 2026-09-30T12:14:43Z category_11 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Supplementary file 1_Speech-sound memory consolidation over a daytime nap in adults with and without developmental language disorder.docx Ali Solbi (25143819) Rahulkrishna Gurram Thimmugari (25143822) Anne L. van Zelst (25143825) F. Sayako Earle (4400008) Behavioral Neuroscience consolidation developmental language disorder (DLD) perceptual learning sleep speech perception stabilization Introduction<p>Sleep plays a critical role in memory consolidation, yet its contribution to the formation of perceptual-linguistic representations remains only partially understood. In the current study, we examined sleep spindles and slow oscillations (SOs) in relation to offline changes in speech-sound memory in adults across a wide range of language ability.</p>Methods<p>Twenty-nine monolingual English-speaking participants completed a perceptual training task contrasting retroflex /ɖ/ and dental /d̪/ consonants, followed by a polysomnography-monitored nap.</p>Results<p>Slow spindle density was positively associated with perceptual discrimination performance following a nap, whereas slow oscillation (SO) density was negatively associated. SO-slow spindle coupling strength was significantly correlated with language difficulty amongst those with developmental language disorder, such that those with a lower synchronization index were observed with greater difficulties in language ability.</p>Discussion<p>Together, these findings point to the potential relationship between sleep and perceptual-linguistic representation, and developmental language disorder.</p> 2026-09-30T12:14:43Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1903903.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_file_1_Speech-sound_memory_consolidation_over_a_daytime_nap_in_adults_with_and_without_developmental_language_disorder_docx/34032189 CC BY 4.0