2026-10-06T13:20:16Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34032042 2026-09-30T11:49:17Z category_1325 portal_316 item_type_1 month_year_09_2026

Image 1_Outbreak of porcine deltacoronavirus in pigs in central China, 2024.png Guoliang Chen (9930) Haichao Wu (8507001) Lingfeng Li (5754188) Bo Wang (86769) Juanjuan Min (22426546) Yonghuan Deng (25143666) Can Yin (5829260) Ping Zhou (144535) Yushuang Zhou (22426549) Wen Sun (273647) Taotao Yang (1887232) Bo Ma (284545) Yuli Hu (3859192) Veterinary Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care amino acid substitution China outbreak porcine deltacoronavirus spike protein <p>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteropathogenic coronavirus responsible for acute diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration in piglets, thereby posing a substantial threat to the global swine industry. In December 2024, a severe diarrheal disease outbreak occurred on an intensive pig farm in Hubei Province, located in central China. Here, we describe the isolation and genomic characterization of a novel PDCoV strain, designated SP2403-2, obtained from the intestinal contents of an affected piglet. The virus was successfully propagated in cell culture and confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy. The near-complete genome of SP2403-2, comprising 25,244 nucleotides, was sequenced. Comparative genomic analyses showed that SP2403-2 shares 97.0–99.2% nucleotide identity with reference PDCoV strains, with the highest similarity (99.2%) to the recently reported Chinese strain JSTZ2025. Phylogenetic analyses based on complete genome, ORF1ab, and S gene sequences demonstrated that SP2403-2 belongs to the Chinese lineage. Notably, alignment of the spike (S) protein of SP2403-2 with that of the vaccine strain CHN-HN-2014 revealed 25 amino acid substitutions. Structural mapping indicated that these mutations are predominantly located on the surface-exposed regions of critical domains within the S protein, potentially influencing antigenic epitopes and receptor-binding properties. Our findings demonstrate that SP2403-2 represents a contemporary Chinese-lineage PDCoV strain carrying substantial S protein variation relative to the vaccine strain, underscoring the imperative for ongoing surveillance of emerging PDCoV variants and re-evaluation of current vaccine efficacy.</p> 2026-09-30T11:49:17Z Image Figure 10.3389/fvets.2026.1934473.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Outbreak_of_porcine_deltacoronavirus_in_pigs_in_central_China_2024_png/34032042 CC BY 4.0