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Vinyltrimethoxysilane-Functionalized
Zinc Oxide-Mediated
Green Photopolymerization of Multinetwork Conductive Eutectogels for
Wearable Strain Sensing
Yanling Chen (498235)
Jun Hu (5721)
Yuting Tian (623631)
Chao Zhou (471522)
Shuangjie Wang (676889)
Xiaoying Xin (22059920)
Haonan Nan (24727127)
Guodong Fu (318793)
Space Science
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
work sheds light
weak physiological signals
versatile wearable sensors
surface vinyl groups
preparing conductive hydrogels
photoactive inorganic component
often inevitably encompass
modified zinc oxide
induced multiple hydrogen
functionalized zinc oxide
deep eutectic solvent
comprehensive performance enables
complex polymerization conditions
approximately 1000 %,
>- co -</
37 ° c
multinetwork conductive eutectogels
ipn conductive eutectogels
gly ), integrated
flexible wearable electronics
customizing multifunctional eutectogels
successfully fabricated hec
mediated green photopolymerization
linking strategy based
2 </ sub
2 +</ sup
nass )]/ vtms
remained flexible
ia ),
friendly strategy
2 ms
zno serves
zno semi
zno participate
zno nanoparticles
uv irradiation
toxic cross
time monitoring
sodium 4
situ photoinitiation
situ copolymerization
response time
relative humidity
polymer network
optimized h
network construction
molecule photoinitiators
ionic conductivity
initial mass
Current strategies for preparing conductive hydrogels
(CHs) often
inevitably encompass the addition of small-molecule photoinitiators,
toxic cross-linkers, or complex polymerization conditions, limiting
their broader application in flexible wearable electronics. To address
these issues, we developed a green in situ photoinitiation and organic–inorganic
hybrid cross-linking strategy based on vinyltrimethoxysilane-modified
zinc oxide (VTMS-ZnO). By constructing a deep eutectic solvent (DES)
system composed of betaine (BET), itaconic acid (IA), and glycerol
(Gly), integrated through poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)
covalent cross-linking, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) chain entanglement,
Zn<sup>2+</sup> dynamic coordination, and DES-induced multiple hydrogen-bonding
interactions, we successfully fabricated HEC@P(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate<i>-co-</i>sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) [P(HEMA<i>-co-</i>NaSS)]/VTMS-ZnO semi-IPN conductive eutectogels. In this system,
VTMS-ZnO serves as the photoactive inorganic component to induce the
in situ copolymerization of HEMA and NaSS under UV irradiation. Moreover,
the surface vinyl groups of VTMS-ZnO participate in the network construction,
allowing the ZnO nanoparticles to be embedded into the polymer network
as hybrid nodes. The optimized H<sub>0.2</sub> eutectogel demonstrated
an elongation at break of approximately 1000%, a toughness of 96.96
kJ m<sup>–3</sup>, an ionic conductivity of 78.2 mS m<sup>–1</sup>, a gauge factor of 0.270, and an adhesion strength of 6.11 kPa on
paper. It maintained stable sensing performance over 150 cycles at
10% strain, remained flexible after storage at −53 °C
for 12 h, and retained over 50% of its initial mass at 37 °C
and 35% relative humidity for 11 days. This comprehensive performance
enables the eutectogels to serve as versatile wearable sensors for
the real-time monitoring of human movements and weak physiological
signals (response time of 0.82 s). In addition, the eutectogel exhibited
inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli. Our work sheds light on a feasible and eco-friendly strategy for
customizing multifunctional eutectogels, paving the way for innovative
flexible wearable devices.
2026-09-29T00:00:00Z
Dataset
Media
10.1021/acsapm.6c02788.s002
https://figshare.com/articles/media/Vinyltrimethoxysilane-Functionalized_Zinc_Oxide-Mediated_Green_Photopolymerization_of_Multinetwork_Conductive_Eutectogels_for_Wearable_Strain_Sensing/34025043
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