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oai:figshare.com:article/34024574 2026-09-29T14:35:20Z category_1 category_4 category_7 category_21 category_873 category_734 portal_63 item_type_6 month_year_09_2026

Moderately Hydrophilic Gigaporous Polystyrene@ZIF‑8 Composite Microspheres for Synergy-Enhanced Removal of Bilirubin Jing Li (10611) Jing-Han Wu (25137440) Xue-Mei An (25137443) Yue Wu (1262184) Guan-Sheng Huan (1765873) Fu-Chai Li (25137446) Jian-Bo Qu (1765870) Biophysics Biochemistry Medicine Biotechnology Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified even greater 3 31 × 10 satisfactory physicochemical stability high mechanical strength performance bilirubin adsorbents minimal albumin loss hydrophobic bilirubin adsorption 8 composite microspheres satisfactory hemocompatibility designing high composite microspheres adsorption capacity bound bilirubin simulated hemoperfusion significant potential removing 89 mainly polystyrene low cost heparin binding hemolysis rate gigaporous structure fold increase fold enhancement enhanced removal coagulation activation clinical use balances hemocompatibility 9 mg 8 mg 67 %. Commercial hemoperfusion adsorbents for hyperbilirubinemia are mainly polystyrene (PS) anion exchange resins due to their high mechanical strength, satisfactory physicochemical stability, and low cost, enabling bilirubin removal via electrostatic interactions. However, these resins pose two major issues in clinical use: heparin binding and coagulation activation. In this work, we developed moderately hydrophilic gigaporous polystyrene (mHGPS) microspheres with a surface that balances hemocompatibility and hydrophobic bilirubin adsorption, and then immobilized ZIF-8 in situ to obtain mHGPS@ZIF-8 composite microspheres for synergy-enhanced selective bilirubin adsorption. The composite microspheres were featured with through-connected gigapores (∼1.05 μm), high porosity (64.02%), high permeability (7.31 × 10^–11 m²) and satisfactory hemocompatibility with a hemolysis rate of 1.67%. Compared to mHGPS microspheres, the mHGPS@ZIF-8 composite microspheres exhibited a 2.6-fold increase in the adsorption capacity for bilirubin (from 53.1 mg/g to 138.9 mg/g). Notably, an even greater 3.1-fold enhancement was achieved for albumin-bound bilirubin (from 18.7 mg/g to 57.8 mg/g). Moreover, benefiting from the gigaporous structure of mHGPS microspheres, mHGPS@ZIF-8 composite microspheres exhibited rapid bilirubin removal kinetics, removing 89.0% of bilirubin within 60 min during simulated hemoperfusion, with minimal albumin loss (1.2%). This work establishes a strategy for designing high-performance bilirubin adsorbents with significant potential for treating hyperbilirubinemia. 2026-09-29T00:00:00Z Text Journal contribution 10.1021/acsapm.6c03251.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Moderately_Hydrophilic_Gigaporous_Polystyrene_ZIF_8_Composite_Microspheres_for_Synergy-Enhanced_Removal_of_Bilirubin/34024574 CC BY-NC 4.0