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          <dc:title>Dual Fuel Modulation (DFM): A Precision Metabolic Platform for Exploiting Ferroptotic Vulnerability and Metabolic Plasticity in Glioblastoma</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Mustafa Al-wasabi (24553704)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Cancer cell biology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>SLC7A11/GPX4 axis</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Metabolic plasticity</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>cancer metabolism</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>ferroptosis caused</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Glioblastoma Cell Lines Glioblastoma</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by profound metabolic heterogeneity and plasticity, enabling tumor-cell populations to adapt to energetic, oxidative, and therapeutic stress. Dual Fuel Modulation (DFM) is proposed as a hypothesis-generating metabolic framework designed to investigate whether this adaptive capacity can be converted into a therapeutic vulnerability through coordinated perturbation of interconnected metabolic systems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;Rather than assuming that GBM is uniformly dependent on a single metabolic pathway, DFM proposes that selected tumor phenotypes may become vulnerable when glycolytic flux, cystine-dependent antioxidant capacity, membrane lipid susceptibility to peroxidation, and compensatory mitochondrial metabolism are challenged within an experimentally defined therapeutic window. The framework integrates four conceptual pressures: controlled glycolytic modulation; impairment of System Xc⁻-dependent cystine utilization and glutathione homeostasis; enhancement of lipid-peroxidation susceptibility through selected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); and partial modulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to reduce metabolic compensation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;DFM remains a testable systems-level hypothesis rather than a validated therapeutic regimen. Its principal scientific question is whether coordinated metabolic pressure can produce reproducible, phenotype-dependent ferroptotic vulnerability in GBM while maintaining a meaningful differential effect between tumor and normal neural tissue.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-28T20:38:53Z</dc:date>
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