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oai:figshare.com:article/34017754 2026-09-28T17:53:25Z category_915 category_7 category_8 category_21 category_46 category_734 category_128 category_132 portal_5 item_type_1 month_year_09_2026

IgG antibody binding across P. vivax invasion proteins: (A) Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1, PVP01_0728900), (B) Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1, PVP01_0934200), (C) TRAg38 (PVP01_0503600), (D) TRAg36 (PVP01_0000140), (E) TRAg36.6/32 (PVP01_0000170), (F) ETRAMP11.2 (PVP01_0422600), (G) Duffy binding protein 2 (DBP2, PVP01_0102300), (H) Duffy binding protein (DBP, PVP01_0623800) and (I) GPI-anchored micronemal protein (GAMA, PVP01_0505600). Rosita Asawa (25132843) Brittany Hazzard (14271698) Katie Ko (12809883) Kieran Tebben (14504872) John Tan (1865173) Tineke Cantaert (68002) Andrea Berry (6244949) Niraj Tolia (25132846) Jean Popovici (423629) David Serre (2815) Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified Medicine Microbiology Biotechnology Immunology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Hematology Infectious Diseases select vaccine candidates host immune system entire protein sequences develop new tools density peptide array analyses also revealed 5 billion people analyzed antibody responses many uncharacterized proteins plasmodium vivax </ clinical vivax malaria plasmodium </ vivax </ clinical importance antibody response wide perspective wide characterization unique pattern symptomatic individuals stage infections several nucleoporins naïve individuals malaria community infection worldwide important resource erythrocyte invasion data provide better detecting asymptomatic individuals antigens using Each panel shows the fluorescence detected (y-axis) at peptides organized according to the protein amino acid sequence (x-axis). The blue lines show the data for each malaria-naïve control (n = 10) and the yellow to red lines represent data for the symptomatic individuals (n = 10). The black horizontal bar below the sample lines indicates peptides that are found multiple times on the array (repeated peptides probed only once). Colored horizontal bars indicate consecutively antigenic peptide regions, colored by symptomatic individual. Each black box indicates a 100 amino acid segment that was found to be significantly antigenic, with the number of reactive symptomatic individuals denoted at the top (out of ten). The blue and orange boxes under each plot indicate functional regions and/or proteolytic domains. The green bars indicate regions of the protein known to be associated with RBC binding, while purple bars indicate binding locations of human antibodies with functional anti-parasite activity, colored by specific epitope. “*” denotes the location of DBP residues which resulted in loss of function in a rosetting assay after mutagenesis. The plot on the upper right displays the predicted 3D structures (based on AlphaFold), with the N- and C-terminus indicated and the antigenic segments represented in red and orange. The plot on the lower right displays the associated confidence intervals acquired from the AlphaFold prediction, with blue indicating high confidence and red indicating low confidence. 2026-09-28T17:53:52Z Image Figure 10.1371/journal.ppat.1014621.g003 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/_p_IgG_antibody_binding_across_i_P_vivax_i_invasion_proteins_A_Merozoite_surface_protein_1_MSP1_PVP01_0728900_B_Apical_membrane_antigen_1_AMA1_PVP01_0934200_C_TRAg38_PVP01_0503600_D_TRAg36_PVP01_0000140_E_TRAg36_6_32_PVP01_0000170_F_ETRAMP1/34017754 CC BY 4.0