2026-10-11T21:01:09Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/34009095 2026-09-28T05:35:26Z category_319 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Data Sheet 1_Family socioeconomic status and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in preschool children: a cross-sectional study of 21,366 parent–child dyads in Yan’an, western China.zip Jiali Du (7846058) Man Bai (11369193) Jieqiong Liu (410671) Jie Mi (152887) Yan Wang (15435) Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder china cross-sectional study preschool children socioeconomic status Background<p>Socioeconomic status (SES) is a well-established determinant of child mental health, yet evidence from large preschool populations in western China remains scarce. This study examined the association between family SES and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in preschool children.</p>Methods<p>We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 21,366 parent–child dyads recruited from 189 public kindergartens in a western Chinese city using stratified cluster sampling. A composite family SES index was derived from parental occupation, education, and household income through principal component analysis. Child ADHD symptoms were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) hyperactivity/inattention subscale. Survey-weighted linear and logistic regression models adjusted for child age, sex, preterm birth, parental smoking and alcohol use, respondent role, and respondent age, with cluster-robust standard errors accounting for kindergarten-level clustering.</p>Results<p>Higher family SES was significantly associated with lower ADHD symptom scores. In the fully adjusted linear model, each 1-SD increase in SES corresponded to a 0.17-point decrease in the SDQ hyperactivity/inattention score (95% CI: –0.18 to –0.15, P < 0.001). Logistic regression showed a 27% reduction in the odds of elevated ADHD symptoms per 1-SD increase in SES (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.64 to 0.84, P < 0.001). A clear dose–response relationship emerged across SES tertiles (P for trend < 0.001). Stratified analyses demonstrated consistent associations across all subgroups, with no significant effect modification after Bonferroni correction. Multiple imputation and restricted cubic spline analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.</p>Conclusions<p>Higher family SES is associated with lower ADHD symptom levels in preschool children from western China, with a clear dose-response relationship. These findings underscore the importance of socioeconomic resources in early childhood mental health and may inform the development of targeted intervention strategies for low-SES families. Longitudinal studies are warranted to establish causality and elucidate underlying mechanisms.</p> 2026-09-28T05:35:26Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1943855.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Family_socioeconomic_status_and_attention-deficit_hyperactivity_disorder_symptoms_in_preschool_children_a_cross-sectional_study_of_21_366_parent_child_dyads_in_Yan_an_western_China_zip/34009095 CC BY 4.0