2026-10-12T00:26:36Z
https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai
oai:figshare.com:article/33998242
2026-09-25T17:28:45Z
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month_year_09_2026
<p>Study population characteristics (n = 321).</p>
Hedija Cupeca (25111204)
Indra Zeltina (25111207)
Anita Villerusa (12591634)
Larisa Savrasova (20563232)
Ilze Grope (25111210)
Maksims Mukans (25111213)
Juris Kibilds (25111216)
Angelika Krumina (3560147)
Peteris Tretjakovs (25111219)
Ludmila Viksna (25111222)
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Immunology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Infectious Diseases
yielded identifiable serotypes
clinical university hospital
09l — none
nasopharyngeal carriage surveillance
streptococcus pneumoniae </
pcv vaccination coverage
overall carriage prevalence
highest carriage prevalence
pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage
frequently detected serotypes
7 %; p
6 – 26
15 typeable isolates
carriage prevalence
pneumococcal carriage
carriage data
typeable isolates
vaccination status
sp2020 </
lyta </
transitional period
small number
significant association
serotype findings
serotype distribution
september 2022
sectional study
positive samples
period representing
pcv20 following
pcv20 era
monitoring vaccine
may serve
leading cause
january 2021
invasive disease
driven changes
data constitute
complex combinations
baltic states
baltic region
associated factors
9 %.
138 ).
<div><p><i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> remains a leading cause of invasive disease in children, and nasopharyngeal carriage surveillance is essential for monitoring vaccine-driven changes in serotype distribution. However, carriage data from the Baltic states are scarce. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess pneumococcal carriage prevalence, serotype distribution, and associated factors in 321 hospitalized children aged 0–18 years at the Children’s Clinical University Hospital of Latvia between January 2021 and September 2022, a period representing the post-PCV13, pre-PCV15/PCV20 era. Pneumococcal carriage was detected by PCR targeting the <i>lytA</i> and <i>sp2020</i> genes; serotyping was performed on PCR-positive samples. Overall carriage prevalence was 21.8% (70/321; 95% CI: 17.6–26.6%). Of the PCR-positive samples, 78.6% (55/70) were non-typeable and only 21.4% (15/70) yielded identifiable serotypes. Among these 15 typeable isolates, the most frequently detected serotypes were 20, 13, and 48, appearing in complex combinations, followed by 15A/15F, 23B1/23B, and 09N/09L—none of which are covered by PCV13; given the small number of typeable isolates, serotype findings are exploratory. PCV vaccination coverage was 63.2% (203/321), with PCV10 (Synflorix) predominating. No significant association was found between vaccination status and carriage prevalence (vaccinated: 25.6% vs. unvaccinated: 16.7%; p = 0.138). Children aged 1–5 years had the highest carriage prevalence at 30.9%. These data constitute the first comprehensive pneumococcal carriage assessment from the Baltic region during this transitional period and may serve as a reference for evaluating the impact of PCV15 and PCV20 following their introduction.</p></div>
2026-09-25T17:28:39Z
Dataset
Dataset
10.1371/journal.pone.0359297.t001
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_p_Study_population_characteristics_n_321_p_/33998242
CC BY 4.0