2026-10-10T20:39:18Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33997485 2026-09-25T16:29:24Z category_1 category_4 category_146 category_7 category_16 category_21 category_24 category_873 category_502 portal_63 item_type_2 month_year_09_2026

Long-Life Zinc–Bromine Flow Batteries with Low-Temperature Operation Enabled by Hydration Modulation of Complexing Agents Tao Cheng (131540) Shuo Wang (143908) Ming Zhao (48501) Tianyu Li (479460) Yang Song (88132) Yanbin Yin (5908) Xianfeng Li (770832) Biophysics Biochemistry Space Science Medicine Physiology Biotechnology Evolutionary Biology Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified unsatisfactory service life uncontrolled zinc deposition traditional complexing agents target complexing agent inherent safety advantages hydroxyethyl ]- 1 high current densities bromine complexing agents also prevent zinc 1 -[ 2 temperature operation enabled phase retention capacity hydration modulation strategy hydration modulation temperature tolerance phase transformation study addresses scale deployment persistent challenge methylpyrrolidinium bromide gained prominence effective electrolytes appropriate amount 10 h Zinc–bromine flow batteries have gained prominence in distributed energy storage due to their high theoretical energy density, inherent safety advantages, and cost-effective electrolytes. However, they have poor low-temperature tolerance and unsatisfactory service life because of the phase transformation of polybromides and uncontrolled zinc deposition. Here we propose a hydration modulation strategy for bromine complexing agents to both enhance the liquid-phase retention capacity of polybromides at low temperatures and mitigate internal short circuits. Moderately hydrated complexing agents not only introduce an appropriate amount of water into the oily polybromide ionic liquid but also prevent zinc from growing into the membrane. Zinc–bromine flow batteries with the target complexing agent, 1-[2-hydroxyethyl]-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide, outperform those with traditional complexing agents in cycle life (>4000 cycles versus ∼800 cycles) at high current densities (charge: 200 mA cm^–2, discharge: 80 mA cm^–2) and in low-temperature adaptability (>700 h versus <10 h at 40 mA cm^–2 and −20 °C). This study addresses a persistent challenge in the large-scale deployment of zinc–bromine flow batteries. 2026-09-25T00:00:00Z Dataset Media 10.1021/jacs.6c14019.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/media/Long-Life_Zinc_Bromine_Flow_Batteries_with_Low-Temperature_Operation_Enabled_by_Hydration_Modulation_of_Complexing_Agents/33997485 CC BY-NC 4.0