2026-10-14T04:39:29Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33993595 2026-09-25T07:23:59Z category_25939 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Quantitative reconstruction of Late Miocene monsoon-driven climate and hydrology in the Himalayan foreland, Nepal: Research data Purushottam Adhikari (5410559) Gaurav Srivastava* (25108035) Sujata Poudel (25108036) Harshita Bhatia (25108033) Roshan Paudel (5043656) Basant Kunwar (25108042) Kishan Phullel (25108043) Sadanand . (25108044) Khum N. Paudayal (25108045) Earth system sciences Nepal CLAMP Daldale Himalaya Late Miocene paleoclimate monsoon siwalik neogene sediments <p dir="ltr">The Late Miocene was a critical interval in the evolution of the South Asian monsoon system and the Himalayan foreland. This study presents a quantitative palaeoclimatic reconstruction based on fossil leaf assemblages from the Lower (10.5–9.2 Ma) and Middle (9.2–7.0 Ma) Siwalik Group sediments of the Daldale section, western Nepal, using the Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP). The reconstructed mean annual temperatures are 22.2 ± 2.3 °C for the Lower Siwalik and 21.5 ± 2.3 °C for the Middle Siwalik, with corresponding cold month mean temperatures of 15.4 ± 3.3 °C and 15.0 ± 3.3 °C. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 228 ± 48 to 238 ± 48 cm, and the annual vapour pressure deficit remains close to 6 ± 2 hPa, indicating persistently warm and humid monsoon-influenced conditions throughout the study interval. Although several climatic variables exhibit coherent directional trends, including slightly lower temperatures, reduced rainfall concentration during the wettest months, and subtle changes in seasonal moisture availability in the Middle Siwalik, these differences largely overlap within the uncertainties of the CLAMP reconstructions. Consequently, the Daldale record indicates broad climatic stability rather than a major climatic transition between the Lower and Middle Siwalik intervals within the studied section.. The study provides the first quantitative palaeoclimatic benchmark for the Daldale Siwalik Group succession and demonstrates that climatic responses within the Himalayan foreland were spatially heterogeneous, with western Nepal maintaining persistently humid conditions despite broader regional environmental changes.</p> 2026-09-25T07:23:59Z Dataset Dataset 10.6084/m9.figshare.33993595.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Quantitative_reconstruction_of_Late_Miocene_monsoon-driven_climate_and_hydrology_in_the_Himalayan_foreland_Nepal_Research_data/33993595 CC BY 4.0