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oai:figshare.com:article/33981433 2026-09-24T10:40:18Z category_319 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Supplementary file 1_Effect of transcranial alternating current stimulation (NET Device™) on psychostimulant withdrawal severity and time course: a real-world data analysis.docx Mark K. Greenwald (6897305) Lana R. Grasser (25103488) Joe R. Winston (20749253) Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy) ACSA NET device neuromodulation psychostimulant withdrawal real-world data real-world evidence stimulant use disorder transcranial alternating current stimulation Background<p>Psychostimulant use disorder is a life-threatening condition with no FDA-approved treatment. Stimulant withdrawal symptoms impede treatment engagement and are unaddressed by standard of care. The NET Device, a non-invasive transcranial alternating current stimulator, is FDA-cleared for opioid withdrawal suppression. No studies have evaluated whether NET Device use attenuates psychostimulant withdrawal.</p>Methods<p>Electronic health record and device utilization data were collected from 109 stimulant-only users and 112 stimulant/opioid co-users (N = 221 adults total; M_age=39.2, SD_age=10.7; 119M) entering residential addiction treatment (n = 168) or detention centers (n = 53). The Amphetamine Cessation Symptom Assessment (ACSA) was administered at baseline and 1 hour (day 1), and twice daily on days 1–7. A linear mixed model (LMM) with random intercepts and slopes was used to analyze the trajectory of ACSA scores.</p>Results<p>ACSA severity and time course were similar across settings (residential vs. detention). A two-phase LMM separated acute (baseline to 1 hour) and post-acute withdrawal symptom reductions. Relative to baseline ACSA scores, stimulant-only and co-user groups each reported significant reductions at 1 hour (46% and 33%), day 2 morning (59% and 42%), and decelerating log-time trajectory through day 4 (79 hours), the primary analysis window. Estimates beyond day 4 rest on 6.9% of observations and are reported as exploratory only.</p>Conclusion<p>NET Device monotherapy was associated with rapid reduction in psychostimulant withdrawal severity regardless of setting and opioid co-use. No device-related adverse events were reported. These real-world data support initiation of a sham-controlled randomized trial to evaluate NET Device efficacy for stimulant use disorder.</p> 2026-09-24T10:40:18Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1899599.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_file_1_Effect_of_transcranial_alternating_current_stimulation_NET_Device_on_psychostimulant_withdrawal_severity_and_time_course_a_real-world_data_analysis_docx/33981433 CC BY 4.0