2026-10-10T11:23:45Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33975130 2026-09-23T17:25:45Z category_146 category_7 category_19 category_21 category_873 category_734 category_64 category_106 category_128 category_132 category_134 portal_5 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

<p>Dataset for the MDR TB surge.</p> Phallon Blessing Mwaba (25073412) Marshal Sikandangwa (25098997) Robertson Chibumbya (25099000) Innocent Mwaba (18158388) Minyoi Mubita Maimbolwa (18137037) Chitalu Chanda (21354901) Muhammad Mputu (24559881) Rhehab Chimzizi (41700) Kevin Mabvuto Zimba (25099003) Nancy Kasese Chanda (25073421) Angel Mubanga (19670074) Monde Muyoyeta (372849) Mary Kagujje (9362116) Space Science Medicine Pharmacology Biotechnology Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Cancer Science Policy Hematology Infectious Diseases Virology routine diagnostic algorithms rif ultra among major diagnostic gap guide individualized treatment analyzed patient demographics tb cases ). week active drug improve early drug resistant tb cases tb burden facilities xdr platform regardless xdr assay offers resistance categories descriptively reflex xpert mtb rising drug resistance resistant tuberculosis detection zambia </ p xdr tb results rifampicin resistant drug drug resistance drug including isoniazid mono xdr tb resistant tuberculosis xpert mtb tuberculosis burden multisite drug rapid detection resistance drug xdr testing xdr results yet diagnosis successfully retrieved programmatic data prevent amplification may 2025 five provinces centric diagnostics bacteriologically confirmed <div><p>Zambia continues to face a high-Tuberculosis burden with rising drug resistance, yet diagnosis of non-rifampicin resistant drug-resistance remains limited due to reliance on rifampicin as a proxy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The Xpert MTB/XDR assay offers a rapid detection of resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolone, Ethionamide and aminoglycosides, addressing a major diagnostic gap. The aim of this analysis was to describe the prevalence and profile of drug resistance among bacteriologically confirmed TB patients subjected to reflex Xpert MTB/XDR testing. We conducted an analysis of programmatic data from a four-week active drug-resistant TB case finding surge in May 2025, implemented across 39 high-TB burden facilities in five provinces of Zambia. We re-evaluated eligible Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra positive TB patients using the Xpert MTB/XDR platform regardless of Rifampicin resistance to identify additional drug resistance beside rifampicin. We analyzed patient demographics, characteristics, and the distribution of drug resistance drug-resistance categories descriptively. Of 509 TB patients identified, 70.9%(n = 360) were bacteriologically confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra among whom 92.8%(n = 336) were eligible for reflex Xpert MTB/XDR testing. Of the eligible, 89.3% (n = 313) underwent reflex Xpert MTB/XDR testing. Results were successfully retrieved for 282 (90.1%). Overall, 8.5%(n = 24) of patients with XDR results had a form of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Mono-resistance to rifampicin (3.5%, n = 10) or isoniazid (3.2%, n = 9) was more prevalent than multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (1.1%, n = 3), while only 0.4% (n = 1) had Pre-XDR TB. Non-rifampicin resistant drug-resistance, including isoniazid mono-resistance and isoniazid combined with fluoroquinolone or ethionamide resistance, were detected in 3.2% (n = 9) of all patients with XDR TB results (37.5% of all DR-TB cases). Reflex Xpert MTB/XDR testing enabled rapid identification of non-rifampicin-resistance drug-resistant TB cases that would have been missed by rifampicin-centric diagnostics. Strengthening the integration of MTB/XDR into routine diagnostic algorithms can improve early drug-resistant tuberculosis detection, guide individualized treatment, and prevent amplification of resistance in high-burden settings.</p></div> 2026-09-23T17:25:43Z Dataset Dataset 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005536.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_p_Dataset_for_the_MDR_TB_surge_p_/33975130 CC BY 4.0