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        <datestamp>2026-09-23T12:25:05Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>MENA Economic Growth Dataset 2000–2023</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>MAHMOUD ALRFOUA (25095607)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Macroeconomics (incl. monetary and fiscal theory)</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>MENA</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Economic Growth</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Panel ARDL</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Foreign Aid</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Foreign Direct Investment</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Budget Deficit</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Trade Openness</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;This dataset supports the study “Heterogeneous Panel ARDL Evidence on Economic Growth Drivers and Sustainable Development in MENA Economies.” It contains annual macroeconomic data for eight MENA economies—Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Tunisia, Iran, Syria, Yemen, and Turkey—covering the period 2000–2023.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;The dataset includes GDP growth (GDPG), foreign aid (FA), general government net lending/borrowing (BD), foreign direct investment (FDI), and trade openness (TOP). The year 2000 is retained to construct lagged terms for estimation over 2001–2023.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;Data were compiled from the World Bank World Development Indicators, IMF World Economic Outlook, OECD-DAC Creditor Reporting System, UNOCHA Financial Tracking Service, UNCTADstat, the World Investment Report, CEIC Data, and official publications of the Central Bank of Syria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;For licensing reasons, selected supplemental observations for Syria are withheld from this public version: BD for 2011–2023 and FDI for 2012–2023. Blank cells for these observations should not be interpreted as zero. Further information is provided in the README and Restricted Data Notes sheets included in the workbook.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-23T12:25:05Z</dc:date>
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          <dc:identifier>10.6084/m9.figshare.33972733.v1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:relation>https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/MENA_Economic_Growth_Dataset_2000_2023/33972733</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>CC BY 4.0</dc:rights>
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