2026-10-12T17:00:59Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33971122 2026-09-23T05:49:46Z category_427 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Supplementary file 1_Beyond awareness: the knowledge–attitude–practice disconnect in e-waste management in an informal settlement of Delhi.docx Shivani Rao (14260631) Kinshuk Gupta (25094527) Mongjam Meghachandra Singh (14299600) Nandini Sharma (1747999) Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified electronic waste environmental health e-waste management informal settlement knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) India Background<p>E-waste is among the fastest-growing waste streams globally, with India being a major contributor. Safe e-waste management remains suboptimal, particularly among vulnerable urban populations, where limited awareness and unsafe disposal practices may increase environmental and health risks. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to e-waste management among residents of an informal settlement in Delhi.</p>Methods<p>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 425 adults selected through simple random sampling. KAP was assessed using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. The total score obtained by each participant was expressed as a percentage of the maximum possible score. Participants achieving ≥50% of the maximum score were categorized as having good/adequate KAP. Firth penalized logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess correlations among KAP scores, and relationships were further examined using a hypothesized structural path model with indirect effects estimated from 5,000 bootstrap resamples and bias-corrected 95% confidence intervals.</p>Results<p>Adequate knowledge was present in 17.18% of participants, positive attitudes in 44.47%, and good e-waste management practices in only 11.29%. Higher educational attainment was associated with adequate knowledge and a positive attitude, while younger participants, paid employment and ownership of >7 electronic gadgets were associated with higher odds of adequate knowledge and good practice. Knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were positively correlated (Spearman’s ρ = 0.253–0.481; all p < 0.001). In the path model, knowledge was positively associated with attitude and practice, while attitude was also positively associated with practice; however, the indirect pathway through attitude was not statistically significant (b = 0.013; bootstrap 95% CI: −0.001 to 0.026; p = 0.063).</p>Conclusion<p>A substantial knowledge–attitude–practice gap in e-waste management was observed: despite modest knowledge and comparatively more favorable attitudes, safe disposal practices remained exceptionally low, and attitude did not significantly mediate the knowledge–practice association, with knowledge instead retaining a direct association with practice. Community-level e-waste interventions should strengthen awareness of health risks and formal disposal pathways while improving access to authorized collection and recycling services, with their effectiveness evaluated through future longitudinal and intervention studies.</p> 2026-09-23T05:49:46Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1935156.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_file_1_Beyond_awareness_the_knowledge_attitude_practice_disconnect_in_e-waste_management_in_an_informal_settlement_of_Delhi_docx/33971122 CC BY 4.0