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oai:figshare.com:article/33962338 2026-09-22T05:40:59Z category_173 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Supplementary file 1_Policy cognition, perceived stress, coping dimensions, and adolescent health behaviors under physical education examination reform: a cross-sectional SEM study.docx Mengqiang Hu (20913017) Weimiao Wu (10819126) Shihong Zhang (3484502) Ying He (125930) Jinghang Li (12010328) Shunming Huang (25088017) Applied Psychology adolescents avoidance-oriented coping emotion-oriented coping health behaviors perceived stress policy cognition structural equation modeling task-oriented coping Background<p>Physical education is increasingly embedded in high-stakes entrance examinations in China. However, the cross-sectional associations among adolescents' policy cognition, perceived stress, distinct coping dimensions, and health behaviors remain insufficiently understood.</p>Methods<p>A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,513 junior secondary students enrolled in one participating school in Yunnan Province, China. Rural–urban background was measured as an individual-level self-reported characteristic and did not represent the location or institutional classification of the participating school. Task-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented coping were modeled as three correlated but distinct constructs. Five documented health-behavior outcomes were analyzed: physical activity, dietary habits, weekday sleep duration, screen-time behavior, and overall routine regularity. Sensitivity analyses adjusted first for sex and rural–urban background and then for PE talent status, school PE lessons, extracurricular physical activity, family exercise frequency, and parental encouragement.</p>Results<p>A correlated three-factor coping model fitted substantially better than a one-factor model. In the fully adjusted model involving 1,198 participants, perceived stress was negatively associated with physical activity (β = −0.246), dietary habits (β = −0.167), weekday sleep duration (β = −0.167), screen-time health score (β = −0.183), and overall routine regularity (β = −0.164). Task-oriented coping was positively associated with the five outcomes (β = 0.254, 0.174, 0.157, 0.222, and 0.192, respectively; all p < 0.001). Emotion-oriented coping was not independently associated with the outcomes, whereas avoidance-oriented coping was negatively associated with dietary habits (β = −0.213, p < 0.001). Direct associations between policy cognition and most health outcomes were attenuated after extended covariate adjustment.</p>Conclusions<p>Perceived stress and task-oriented coping were the most consistent cross-sectional correlates of the documented health-behavior outcomes. The results are associational and do not establish temporal ordering, causal mediation, or intervention effectiveness.</p> 2026-09-22T05:40:59Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1896758.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_file_1_Policy_cognition_perceived_stress_coping_dimensions_and_adolescent_health_behaviors_under_physical_education_examination_reform_a_cross-sectional_SEM_study_docx/33962338 CC BY 4.0