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oai:figshare.com:article/33961900 2026-09-22T05:30:07Z category_8 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Supplementary file 1_Methylomonassediminis sp. nov., Methylomonas paludicola sp. nov., and Methylomonas roseola sp. nov.: genomic insights into the evolution of methane oxidation and carotenoid biosynthesis.docx Byeong Jun Choi (25087630) Jeong Min Kim (10655771) Dae Seung Lee (15143868) Hui Seong Won (25087633) Jae Kyeong Lee (8045207) Dae Gyu Choi (17731424) Jong Seok Lee (67521) Yoonyong Yang (13186815) Moonsuk Hur (25087636) Che Ok Jeon (169442) Microbiology carotenoid biosynthesis evolution methane monooxygenase Methylomonas novel taxa <p>Three reddish-pink, gram-stain-negative, motile, flagellated, short rod-shaped methanotrophs, designated BW4-1^T, SPW-1^T, and PHL2-19^T, were isolated from wetland sediments in South Korea. All three strains possessed intracytoplasmic membranes characteristic of type I methanotrophs and grew with methane or methanol as the sole carbon and energy source. Their major fatty acids were C_14:0, C_16:0, and summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c). Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses placed the strains within the genus Methylomonas, with Methylomonas defluvii OY6^T as their closest relative. Despite sharing 99.9–100.0% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the strains were differentiated by genomic and phenotypic characteristics. Pairwise average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values among the three strains were 95.0–95.9% and 60.4–66.2%, respectively, supporting their recognition as distinct species. All three strains possessed complete pmoCAB and mmoXYBZDC clusters and pathways linking methane-derived carbon to C₃₀ and C₄₀ carotenoid biosynthesis. PmoA phylogeny supported predominantly vertical inheritance of pmoCAB, whereas the patchy distribution and phylogenetic incongruence of MmoX indicated lineage-specific gain, loss, and possible horizontal transfer of sMMO-associated genes. Ancestral reconstruction further indicated that pMMO-dependent methane oxidation and carotenoid biosynthesis were evolutionarily conserved, whereas the sMMO system was shaped by more dynamic, lineage-specific evolutionary processes. Accordingly, the names Methylomonas sediminis sp. nov. (BW4-1^T = KACC 24053^T = MCCC 1K10705^T), Methylomonas paludicola sp. nov. (SPW-1^T = KACC 24052^T = MCCC 1K10729^T), and Methylomonas roseola sp. nov. (PHL2-19^T = KACC 24054^T = MCCC 1K10706^T) are proposed.</p> 2026-09-22T05:30:07Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1954800.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_file_1_Methylomonassediminis_sp_nov_Methylomonas_paludicola_sp_nov_and_Methylomonas_roseola_sp_nov_genomic_insights_into_the_evolution_of_methane_oxidation_and_carotenoid_biosynthesis_docx/33961900 CC BY 4.0