2026-10-14T11:38:53Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33919876 2026-09-18T04:34:20Z category_696 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Data Sheet 1_Disease-specific patterns of glymphatic-related dysfunction between multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.pdf Xiaoya Chen (487125) Kai Zhang (102844) Xiaojuan Dong (8682051) Xiaohui Zhang (81778) Zhuowei Shi (23808040) Zichun Yan (14796282) Qiyuan Zhu (14207267) Yuling Peng (13151592) Yongliang Han (6811136) Yongmei Li (227480) Genetic Immunology diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space glymphatic system multiple sclerosis neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder periventricular diffusivity Background<p>Glymphatic dysfunction has been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), yet disease-specific patterns of glymphatic-related impairment and their structural and cognitive consequences remain poorly characterized.</p>Methods<p>This study enrolled 196 MS patients, 88 NMOSD patients, and 108 healthy controls (HC). Glymphatic-related function was assessed using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) and periventricular diffusivity (PVeD). Between-group differences, partial correlations with structural and clinical outcomes, AQP4 subgroup comparisons, mediation analyses, and subcortical atrophy-based subgroup analyses were performed to characterize disease-specific glymphatic-related impairment patterns.</p>Results<p>MS showed more extensive glymphatic-related impairment than NMOSD, with significant reductions in both DTI-ALPS and PVeD compared to HC (all p<0.001). PVeD was significantly reduced in NMOSD compared to HC in both cohorts (p ≤ 0.008), whereas DTI-ALPS differences in NMOSD relative to HC were inconsistent across cohorts, reaching significance only in the GE replication cohort. In MS, PVeD showed widespread structural and cognitive associations; in NMOSD, associations were restricted to ventricular and choroid plexus volumes. A parallel multiple mediation model showed that subcortical gray matter atrophy, but not lesion volume, independently mediated the association between PVeD and Symbol Digit Modalities Test performance in MS, a pattern absent in NMOSD. Stratified subgroup analysis showed a pattern consistent with a glymphatic-cognitive association specific to patients with greater subcortical atrophy in MS, although formal interaction tests did not reach statistical significance; no such association was observed in either atrophy subgroup in NMOSD. AQP4-seropositive, but not seronegative, NMOSD patients showed significantly lower glymphatic-related metrics than HC (p<0.001); direct comparison between the two subgroups was not significant.</p>Conclusion<p>Glymphatic-related dysfunction exhibits distinct disease-specific patterns in MS and NMOSD, with PVeD showing broader sensitivity across both cohorts. These findings support PVeD as a promising complementary glymphatic-related diffusion marker in inflammatory demyelinating disease, though causal and disease-mechanistic interpretations await validation in longitudinal and mechanistic studies.</p> 2026-09-18T04:34:20Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1917373.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Disease-specific_patterns_of_glymphatic-related_dysfunction_between_multiple_sclerosis_and_neuromyelitis_optica_spectrum_disorder_pdf/33919876 CC BY 4.0