2026-10-14T15:48:23Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33907009 2026-09-17T18:20:20Z portal_1197 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Data for Low-Energy Policy on the UK Steel Industry Ehsan Ezzatpour Ghadim (25035280) Mohsen Aghadavoudi Jolfaei (24942541) Claire Davis (3440309) Russell Hall (24917050) Migrated from ePrints The UK steel industry needs to raise output while delivering rapid, permanent carbon emissions cuts to facilitate a low-energy approach, support public health, and mitigate climate change. This review synthesises evidence on low-energy pathways, enabling policy and sustainability in the UK steel industry. Four routes are compared, including scrap-fed electric-arc furnaces (EAF), H2 direct-reduction plus EAF (H2-DRI + EAF), advanced smelting with carbon capture and storage (CCS), and low-energy developments. On today’s grid, scrap-EAF typically emits 0.3–0.76 tCO2/t steel compared to Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace (BF-BOF) with 1.5–2.2 tCO2/t. H2-DRI/EAF can reach ≤0.05 tCO2/t with renewable technology shortly; however, it hinges on the timely delivery of low-carbon H2 and high-voltage connections. Policy momentum includes 10 GW of low-carbon H2 by 2030 (5 GW electrolytic), the National Wealth Fund’s £2.5 bn allocation for steel retooling, electricity-cost relief for energy-intensive industry, and resilience measures for the steel industry under the Steel Industry (Special Measures) Act 2025. The use of digital twins and artificial intelligence (AI) shows early-stage development, with expected outcomes including 4% raw-material savings, 5% reductions in productivity losses, and over 14% improvements in final yield.<br><br>Data supporting Figure 2 (average gas prices for UK non-domestic users from 2004 to 2024 in pence per kilowatt hour, including and excluding the climate change levy) and graphics from the publication 2025-11-07T00:00:00Z Dataset Dataset 10.82444/warw.33907009.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_for_Low-Energy_Policy_on_the_UK_Steel_Industry/33907009 CC BY 4.0