2026-10-14T12:56:00Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33905267 2026-09-17T17:42:35Z category_16 category_46 category_734 category_64 category_122 portal_5 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

<p>Pro‑inflammatory cytokines data for StD and HC.</p> Zhangzhang Qi (10683978) Pan Chen (385477) Guanmao Chen (9266129) Zhenye Luo (9266135) Shu Zhang (22238) Lijun Jiang (288611) Guixian Tang (25038983) Li Huang (107408) Qian Tao (52731) Ying Wang (11406) Physiology Immunology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Cancer Mental Health tumor necrosis factor three specific circuits present study investigated identifying biological indicators critical prodromal phase 104 healthy controls 1 &# 946 major depressive disorder bilateral caudate nucleus left middle cc inflammatory cytokine levels altered functional connectivity functional connectivity 1 beta major depression inflammatory cytokines cc ), bilateral cn within subregions significantly increased sfg circuit sfg ). serum pro serum concentrations rumination symptoms rrs scores rrs )], right sfg psychometric profiles psychological assessments neuroimmune associations may indicate left mcc increased risk hama scores findings underscore cn ); cingulate cortex ), 24 <div><p>Subthreshold depression (StD) represents a critical prodromal phase that often precedes clinical depression. Identifying biological indicators during this stage is essential for the prophylaxis of major depressive disorder. The present study investigated the interplay between serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, functional connectivity (FC) within subregions of the cingulate cortex (CC), and psychometric profiles in an StD cohort. The study included 126 participants with StD and 104 healthy controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, psychological assessments [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS)], and serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-17] were collected. The StD group exhibited increased FC in three specific circuits: The left middle CC (MCC) to the bilateral caudate nucleus (CN); the left supracallosal anterior CC (supACC) to the bilateral anterior cerebellar lobe; the right supACC to the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). Furthermore, serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17 were significantly increased. FC between the left MCC and bilateral CN was associated with CES-D and RRS scores, whereas FC between the right supACC and right SFG was associated with HAMA scores. Interaction between IL-1β and FC in the right supACC-SFG circuit was independently associated with HAMA scores, whereas interaction between IL-17 and FC in the same circuit independently predicted RRS scores. The statistical interaction between IL-1β and IL-17 levels and right supACC-SFG FC is associated with anxiety and rumination symptoms in StD, which may indicate an increased risk of progression to major depression. These findings underscore the significance of neuroimmune associations in subthreshold depression.</p></div> 2026-09-17T17:42:19Z Dataset Dataset 10.1371/journal.pdig.0001665.t003 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_p_Pro_inflammatory_cytokines_data_for_StD_and_HC_p_/33905267 CC BY 4.0