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oai:figshare.com:article/33889768 2026-09-17T12:07:24Z category_610 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Table 1_Selective oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid by bimetallic catalysts.docx Xiaoyang Liu (1815211) Jiajiang Zhou (25018678) Yafei Wang (438443) Haixin Guo (5265635) Functional Materials bimetallic catalysts biomass gluconic acid glucose oxidation Pt/NiO <p>Selective aerobic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid under alkali-free aqueous conditions is constrained by inefficient Pt utilization, particle aggregation, and poorly controlled metal-oxide interfaces. Herein, we develop a urea-assisted solvothermal strategy that integrates oxide-support screening, interfacial electronic regulation, and hierarchical pore engineering in Pt/MOx catalysts. Among eight oxide supports, Pt/NiO-U exhibited the highest activity. Comparative synthesis using NaOH and Na₂CO₃ decoupled the structural role of urea from simple alkalinity, revealing that urea acts simultaneously as a slow-release pH regulator and a source of nitrogen-containing surface species. This multifunctional regulation generated highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles with an average diameter of 2.89 nm, modified the electronic environment of the Pt-NiO interface, and increased the availability of reactive surface oxygen species. N₂ sorption further indicated a mesopore-dominated micro-meso-macroporous hierarchy spanning 1.72–148.55 nm, thereby coupling nanoscale active-site exposure with multiscale mass transport. At 100 °C under 1 MPa O₂, Pt/NiO-U achieved 100% glucose conversion and a gluconic acid yield of 92.5% without added soluble alkali, markedly outperforming the NaOH- and Na₂CO₃-derived counterparts, which afforded yields of only 45.6% and 50.4%, respectively. Complete conversion with an 85.2% gluconic acid yield was also obtained at 80 °C within 1 h. The catalyst maintained complete conversion over five cycles, with a fifth-cycle yield of 79.3% and Pt and Ni leaching below 0.1%. These findings establish urea-assisted Pt-NiO interface engineering as a unified strategy for coordinating active-site dispersion, oxygen activation, and hierarchical mass transport in selective biomass oxidation.</p> 2026-09-17T12:07:24Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fmats.2026.1943690.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Selective_oxidation_of_glucose_to_gluconic_acid_by_bimetallic_catalysts_docx/33889768 CC BY 4.0