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oai:figshare.com:article/33870607 2026-09-17T04:26:45Z category_363 portal_316 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Table 1_Differential associations between tongue pressure and handgrip strength with MDS-UPDRS part III motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.docx Haruna Ushimura (24644696) Tomoko Yamaji (24644699) Kiyoka Seto (25001413) Hidetoshi Miyata (24644702) Hiromasa Tsujiguchi (4258522) Hiroyuki Nakamura (200082) Kazuo Iwasa (564230) Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases handgrip strength movement disorders Parkinson’s disease tongue pressure Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale <p>Tongue pressure is a swallowing-related measure that correlates with handgrip strength, an indicator used in the assessment of sarcopenia. However, reduced tongue pressure in Parkinson’s disease (PD) may reflect not only generalized muscle weakness but also PD-related motor control impairment, raising the possibility that tongue pressure and handgrip strength may show different patterns of association with PD motor symptoms. This study examined the patterns of association between tongue pressure and handgrip strength and motor symptoms assessed using Part III of the Movement Disorder Society–sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) in patients with PD. A total of 49 individuals with PD aged 70–85 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study. Tongue pressure, handgrip strength, and MDS-UPDRS Part III scores were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis of the MDS-UPDRS Part III items was conducted, followed by multiple regression analyses based on the total score and identified factors. After adjusting for age and sex, tongue pressure (β = −0.320, p = 0.021) and handgrip strength (β = −0.409, p = 0.025) were associated with the MDS-UPDRS Part III total score. Three motor symptom factors were identified: axial control and global motor output, limb motor function, and tremor. Tongue pressure was associated with limb motor function involving rigidity and bradykinesia, whereas handgrip strength was associated with axial control and global motor output. These findings suggest that reduced tongue pressure in patients with PD may reflect not only generalized muscle weakness but also specific aspects of PD-related motor dysfunction. However, given the cross-sectional nature of the study, further studies are required to better characterize the relationship between tongue pressure and PD motor symptoms.</p> 2026-09-17T04:26:45Z Dataset Dataset 10.3389/fneur.2026.1914920.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Differential_associations_between_tongue_pressure_and_handgrip_strength_with_MDS-UPDRS_part_III_motor_symptoms_in_Parkinson_s_disease_docx/33870607 CC BY 4.0