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        <datestamp>2026-09-30T00:00:48Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>Bruce Chen: Applications of the New Zealand Inventory of Stopbanks (NZIS): Seismic and Liquefaction Hazard Exposure</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Bruce Chen (18538147)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Andrew Stolte (11990237)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Liam Wotherspoon (1203936)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Amelia Lin (5032697)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Civil geotechnical engineering</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Stopbanks</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Flood protection</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Geospatial database</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Seismic hazards</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Exposure assessment</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;Stopbanks are widely used as critical flood protection infrastructure to protect local communities. In addition to flood damage, many studies highlighted that the structural integrity of stopbanks can also be compromised by seismic and co-seismic hazards, particularly liquefaction. In New Zealand, many stopbanks exhibit inconsistent properties and varying resistance to natural hazards across regions, as they are managed by local authorities rather than at the national level. Crawford-Flett et al. (2021) developed the first nationwide stopbank geospatial database in New Zealand, the New Zealand Inventory of Stopbanks (NZIS), but data quality issues such as misalignment, duplicated records, and fragmented stopbanks remained.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-30T00:00:48Z</dc:date>
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