2026-10-14T04:26:11Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33809251 2026-09-15T17:22:32Z category_4 category_8 category_12 category_13 category_14 category_21 category_24 category_46 category_64 category_122 category_132 category_134 category_135 portal_5 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

<p>Sequencing data for phage escapers in Fig 3F.</p> Sabine Grüschow (2491078) Peter Wotherspoon (22150942) Emma Hilton-Balfe (24947692) Shirley Graham (17199361) Malcolm F. White (20893636) Biochemistry Microbiology Cell Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Biotechnology Evolutionary Biology Immunology Cancer Mental Health Infectious Diseases Virology Computational Biology evolved counter measures b >-</ b associated rossmann fold activate cellular defences phage infection cycle generates cyclic dinucleotides cas systems generate permeabilising effector 2tmβ generates cyclic tri div >< p cyclic nucleotide sponges type iii crispr cyclic tri cyclic nucleotide phage proteins cyclic nucleotides viral tactics viral response subvert immunity signalling pathways panoptes system panoptes polymerase guard systems growth arrest findings expand fascinating component dimeric state avoid triggering acb1 </ <div><p>Cyclic nucleotide second messengers are used in all domains of life to amplify viral infection signals and activate cellular defences. In prokaryotes, CBASS (cyclic nucleotide<b>-</b>based antiphage signalling system) and type III CRISPR-Cas systems generate a range of cyclic nucleotides which bind and allosterically activate effector proteins to mount an anti-viral response. Viruses have evolved counter measures to antagonise these signalling pathways in the form of cyclic nucleotide sponges and phosphodiesterases that sequester or degrade these molecules to subvert immunity. Recently, the Panoptes system was shown to function as a guard against these viral tactics. The type I Panoptes polymerase, mCpol, generates cyclic dinucleotides as decoy molecules that, when sequestered by phage proteins, results in the activation of the membrane-permeabilising effector 2TMβ to halt the phage infection cycle. Here, we investigate the type II Panoptes system, demonstrating that it generates cyclic tri-adenylate (cA₃) to maintain a CRISPR-associated Rossmann fold-transmembrane (CARF-TM) effector in an inactive, dimeric state. When cA₃ is sequestered or degraded, the CARF protein undergoes conformational changes. In vivo, the absence of cA₃ results in membrane disruption and growth arrest. Type II Panoptes provides defence against phages that express the cA₃-degrading enzyme Acb1; phage escapers introduce mutations into the <i>acb1</i> gene to avoid triggering the Panoptes system. These findings expand our understanding of the guard systems that constitute a fascinating component of the bacterial immune system.</p></div> 2026-09-15T17:22:17Z Dataset Dataset 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003934.s011 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_p_Sequencing_data_for_phage_escapers_in_Fig_3F_p_/33809251 CC BY 4.0