2026-10-14T02:37:32Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33798832 2026-09-15T14:35:52Z category_26935 category_26941 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

Hydrochemical Dynamics and Saline-to-Soda-Saline Transition in Selected Iraqi Inland Waters: Seasonal and Spatial Patterns Maysam Alaa (24940114) Environmental assessment and monitoring Environmental management Saline and non-saline features saline and hypersaline lakes <p dir="ltr">Inland saline waters are sensitive to seasonal hydrological forcing, evaporation, and carbonate-system variability, yet hydrochemical transitions in Iraqi inland waters remain insufficiently characterized. This study investigated the chemical composition and hydrochemical classification of selected semi-static and astatic inland saline waters in Iraq, focusing on seasonal and spatial variability and carbonate-system changes. Water samples were collected from six stations in Al-Dalmaj Marsh (ADM) and from three temporary ponds in Babylon Province. pH ranged from 7.0 to 9.7, electrical conductivity (EC) from 5.7 to 471 mS cm⁻¹, salinity from 4 to 328,100 mg L⁻¹, and total dissolved solids (TDS) reached 315,100 mg L⁻¹ in the ponds. Sodium (Na⁺) dominated the pond cation composition, whereas magnesium (Mg²⁺) was relatively more important in ADM. The dominant anion sequence was Cl⁻ > HCO₃⁻ + CO₃²⁻ > SO₄²⁻ in the ponds and Cl⁻ > SO₄²⁻ > HCO₃⁻ + CO₃²⁻ in ADM. Equivalent-percentage classification identified ADM and Pond 3 as saline waters, while Ponds 1 and 2 showed soda-saline characteristics. Durov diagrams, Gibbs plots, and Pearson correlation analysis indicated that evaporative concentration, Na–Cl enrichment, and carbonate-related biogeochemical processes contributed to hydrochemical differentiation and soda-saline tendencies in these inland saline waters.</p> 2026-09-15T14:35:52Z Dataset Dataset 10.6084/m9.figshare.33798832.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Hydrochemical_Dynamics_and_Saline-to-Soda-Saline_Transition_in_Selected_Iraqi_Inland_Waters_Seasonal_and_Spatial_Patterns/33798832 CC BY 4.0