2026-10-12T13:38:39Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33734461 2026-09-14T12:09:59Z category_24118 item_type_3 month_year_09_2026

<b>Comparative Virulence and Host Responses of Emerging Foot-and-Mouth Disease O/ME-SA/SA-2018 and Ind-2001e Lineages in SPF Mini Pigs</b> Su-Mi Kim (24880285) Veterinary virology foot-and-mouth disease virus pathogenesis <p dir="ltr">Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and economically important disease caused by FMD virus (FMDV), which comprises seven serotypes (O, A, Asia1, C, SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3) and multiple topotypes and lineages circulating within defined epidemiological pools. Serotype O is the most prevalent globally, and the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 lineage has predominated recently in Southeast, East, and South Asia. The emerging O/ME-SA/SA-2018 lineage, first identified in India in 2018, has since spread across Asia and was detected in Europe in early 2025. In the current study, we compared two recently circulating Asian FMDV strains representing major serotype O lineages: O/YA/SKR/1/2025 from Korea, belonging to O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e, and O/BAN/11/2023 from Bangladesh, belonging to O/ME-SA/SA-2018. The strains exhibited distinct plaque phenotypes and replication efficiencies in porcine cells. Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) mini pigs were infected by intradermal inoculation or direct contact, and mortality, clinical signs, virus shedding, neutralizing antibodies, and cytokine responses were monitored daily. O/BAN/11/2023 caused greater virulence and 40% mortality, whereas no deaths occurred after O/YA/SKR/1/2025 infection. Neutralizing antibody responses were delayed and FMDV-induced porcine IL-6 levels were significantly lower in SA-2018-infected pigs. Collectively, this study identifies phenotypic and pathogenic differences between the Ind-2001e and SA-2018 lineages and provides the first experimental evidence of O/ME-SA/SA-2018 pathogenicity in its natural host. These findings support FMD surveillance and control studies and emphasize the need to define viral and host determinants underlying lineage-specific pathogenicity.</p> 2026-09-14T12:09:59Z Dataset Dataset 10.6084/m9.figshare.33734461.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_b_Comparative_Virulence_and_Host_Responses_of_Emerging_Foot-and-Mouth_Disease_O_ME-SA_SA-2018_and_Ind-2001e_Lineages_in_SPF_Mini_Pigs_b_/33734461 CC BY 4.0 Open Access after 2027-09-14