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        <datestamp>2026-09-13T18:51:30Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>Digital Competence as a Personal Resource Against Technostress Among Peruvian University Faculty: A Latent-Variable Study with Age-Group Differences</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Julie Catherine Arbulú Castillo (24865991)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Marco Arbulú (23210146)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Isaac Saavedra Torres (24865994)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Susy del Pilar Aguilar Castillo (24865997)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Higher education</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Professional education and training</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>technostress; digital competence; digital literacy; university faculty; job demands–resources; measurement invariance; multigroup analysis; Peru</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;Background: Hybrid models in Peruvian higher education have raised the technological demands placed on faculty. Drawing on the job demands–resources model, this study tested whether digital competence is a personal resource that reduces technostress and whether that effect varies by sex and age. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 384 Peruvian university faculty (64.3% women; mean age 47.8 years). Digital competence and technostress (RED-TEC) were modelled as latent variables with dimension-level indicators; measurement invariance and multigroup structural models were tested by sex and age group. Results: The two-factor measurement model fitted well (CFI = .980; RMSEA = .058) and was free of common-method bias. Digital competence reduced technostress (β = −.32, 95% bootstrap CI [−.47, −.20]; R² = .10) across all five manifestations, most strongly anxiety and least strongly addiction. Under partial scalar invariance the effect did not differ by sex but differed by age (Δχ²(2) = 14.77, p &lt; .001): it was strongest among faculty aged 36–50 (β = −.59), moderate over 50 (β = −.25) and non-significant at 35 or younger. Conclusions: Digital competence protects against technostress, but mainly in mid-career faculty. Training should target that group, and institutions remain responsible for regulating technological demands.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-13T18:51:30Z</dc:date>
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          <dc:identifier>10.6084/m9.figshare.33716161.v2</dc:identifier>
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          <dc:rights>CC BY 4.0</dc:rights>
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