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oai:figshare.com:article/33619168 2026-10-01T16:47:56Z category_27241 portal_785 item_type_1 month_year_10_2026

Genetic susceptibility in the relative maternal protection from type 1 diabetes Sarah D. Slack (24797622) Neha Venkatesh (6313625) Shane E. Ridoux (24797641) Kirk R. Hohsfield (24230891) Lauren A. Vanderlinden (21213803) Jill M. Norris (162238) Randi K. Johnson (21616276) Other health sciences not elsewhere classified Type 1 Diabetes Islet Autoimmunity Genetic Susceptibility Risk Scores First-Degree Relatives Relative Risk <p dir="ltr"><b>Objective:</b> Type 1 diabetes is half as common in offspring of affected mothers versus fathers. We investigated whether selective loss of fetuses with high genetic risk during type 1 diabetes pregnancy explains this relative protection.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> In 6942 TEDDY cohort live births, we compared genetic susceptibility by type 1 diabetes-affected family member and tested if it explained maternal protection from diabetes or its preclinical stages.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Results: </b>The GRS2x did not differ between children with affected mothers (<i>P=</i>0.36) or siblings (<i>P=</i>0.27) versus fathers. Relative maternal protection from type 1 diabetes and islet autoimmunity (IA) was observed with GRS2x adjustment (diabetes HR: 0.50, <i>P</i>=0.01; IA HR: 0.38, <i>P</i>=0.006) and without adjustment but not during progression from IA to diabetes. This protection wanes after age 6 years.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Conclusions:</b> Intrauterine exposure to type 1 diabetes offers relative protection from IA during early childhood and is not explained by genetic susceptibility differences.</p> 2026-10-01T16:47:56Z Image Figure 10.2337/figshare.33619168.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Genetic_susceptibility_in_the_relative_maternal_protection_from_type_1_diabetes/33619168 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0