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        <datestamp>2026-09-30T11:14:55Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>A mother-tongue literacy programme for refugees: the Hmong in Ban Vinai camp, Thailand</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Forced Migration Online (24276783)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Migration, asylum and refugee law</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION ONLINE</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>MOTHER TONGUE TEACHING</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>LITERACY</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>HMONG</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>CULTURAL ORIENTATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>LANGUAGE</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>This article describes the mother-tongue literacy programme for adults set up in the highland Laotian (Hmong) population of Ban Vinai Refugee Camp, Thailand.  It gives background on the Hmong people, describes the ideas sustaining the programme and its methodologies, and finally covers the post-literacy perspectives.</dc:description>
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