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        <datestamp>2026-09-30T12:01:19Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>Reckoning with refugeedom: refugees in Russia during the First World War</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Forced Migration Online (24276783)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Migration, asylum and refugee law</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION ONLINE</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>HISTORY</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>WORLD WAR 1</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>CIVILIAN POPULATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>REFUGEES</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>EMERGENCY RELIEF</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>This paper considers the phenomenon of population displacement in wartime by looking at the Russian empire during the First World War, when millions of civilians (Russians, Poles, Ukrainians, Jews, Latvians, Lithuanians, Armenians, Germans and others) were displaced from the empire's western borderlands and sought refuge in the Russian interior.</dc:description>
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          <dc:identifier>10.25446/oxford.33361059.v1</dc:identifier>
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