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        <datestamp>2026-09-30T11:50:51Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>Contemporary Egyptian Migration: An Overview of Voluntary and Forced Migration</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Forced Migration Online (24276783)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Migration, asylum and refugee law</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION ONLINE</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>LIVELIHOODS</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>CHIDLREN</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>WOMEN</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>SOCIAL SERVICES</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>URBAN MIGRATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>This paper surveys Egyptian emigration, migration within Egypt, and immigration to Egypt, mostly of refugees. The study explores these phenomena and concludes with a list of key gaps in the literature that can be addressed through further research. The sections on Egyptian internal and international migration are migrant-focused, though some elements of Egyptian government policy are also included. The section on migration to Egypt focuses on refugees, using as examples the largest populations from Palestine, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Somalia, because they form the majority of new migrants to Egypt.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-30T11:50:51Z</dc:date>
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