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        <datestamp>2026-09-30T11:48:37Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>Witchcraft, trust, and reciprocity among Mozambican refugees and their South African hosts in a Lowveld village</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Forced Migration Online (24276783)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Migration, asylum and refugee law</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION ONLINE</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>REFUGEES</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>RURAL AREAS</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>RECEIVING COUNTRY</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>REFUGEE/LOCAL COMMUNITY RELATIONS</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>Research on black African refugees and immigrants in South Africa has focused disproportionately on their experience in urban areas. We know a great deal about the harassment and harsh treatment they suffer at the hands of mainly black South Africans. We know very little of the experience of rural-based refugees and immigrants. Also, research about immigrants tends to focus on their experiences to the exclusion of the everyday lives of their hosts. In this paper I turn the spotlight on rural-based refugees in a South African village. In addition to examining their relationship with their hosts, I discuss relationships within the two communities and how they are shaped by internal factors such as belief in witchcraft, and external ones such as government policies and socio-economic circumstances. What emerges is a complex picture that challenges conventional wisdom about the attitude of South Africans towards immigrants and refugees, and about refugees as a problem.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-30T11:48:37Z</dc:date>
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          <dc:identifier>10.25446/oxford.33354246.v1</dc:identifier>
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