2026-10-14T07:01:21Z https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai

oai:figshare.com:article/33353469 2026-09-30T11:45:08Z category_29725 portal_921 item_type_11 month_year_09_2026

It's always darkest before dawn Forced Migration Online (24276783) Migration, asylum and refugee law FORCED MIGRATION ONLINE REFUGEES PROTECTION HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE HISTORY This paper attempts to offer a more holistic exploration of the normative and institutional origins of what is now the modern refugee regime. It argues that in order to understand the current refugee regime, interest-based explanations alone are insufficient. Rather, adding a norm-based perspective provides two advantages to our understanding of the emergence of efforts by states to assist and protect refugees. The first is that it moves beyond traditional regime theory to include the important roles played by other actors such as international organizations and even key individuals. The second is that it allows us to observe how states' identities can be shaped by these actors, as well as the normative environment. In essence, rather than states designing institutions to help refugees to suit their interests, states are instead 'convinced' by other actors to do so. 2026-09-30T11:45:08Z Text Online resource 10.25446/oxford.33353469.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/online_resource/It_s_always_darkest_before_dawn/33353469 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0