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        <datestamp>2026-09-30T11:44:57Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>Migration, legal status and poverty: evidence from return to Ghana</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Forced Migration Online (24276783)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Migration, asylum and refugee law</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION ONLINE</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>MIGRATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>POVERTY</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FAMILY</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>LIVING CONDITIONS</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>STANDARD OF LIVING</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>REFUGEE STATUS DETERMINATION PORCEDURES</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>This paper uses both quantitative and qualitative data from Ghana to explore the relationship between migration, legal status and poverty reduction. Drawing on analysis of the experiences of return migrants to Ghana. It is noted that the 'legality' of migration is complex, as different types of formal documentation are required for different countries, and at different stages of the migration process. Using a probit model, the authors of this paper investigate the factors determining the acquiring of formal documentation at the time of departure, arguing that poverty is associated with an increased likelihood of irregular migration.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-30T11:44:57Z</dc:date>
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          <dc:identifier>10.25446/oxford.33353139.v1</dc:identifier>
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